Organelle-targeting metal complexes: From molecular design to bio-applications

Qiu, Kangqiang; Chen, Yu; Rees, Thomas W.; Ji, Liang‐Nian; Chao, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2017.10.022

Cited by 234 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…This observation implies subcellular localization of the luminescent products of [Ir(ppy) 2 (NTY‐bpy)] + reacted with Cys in MCF‐7 cells. Considering the character of mitochondria accumulation of cationic Ir III complexes, the [Ir(ppy) 2 (NTY‐bpy)] + ‐loaded MCF‐7 cells were then incubated with MitoTracker Green FM to confirm its mitochondrial distribution after cellular uptake. Clear yellow luminescence (overlap of red luminescence from the product of [Ir(ppy) 2 (NTY‐bpy)] + reacted with Cys and green fluorescence from MitoTracker Green FM) in MCF‐7 cells was observed (Figure S24, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iridium(III) Complex‐Based Activatable Probe for Phosphorescent/Time‐Gated Luminescent Sensing and Imaging of Cysteine in Mitochondria of Live Cells and Animals

Zhang

Song

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

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This study reports an activatable iridium(III) complex probe for phosphorescence/time‐gated luminescence detection of cysteine (Cys) in vitro and in vivo. The probe, [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) [ppy: 2‐phenylpyridine; NTY‐bpy: 4‐methyl‐4′‐(2‐nitrovinyl)‐2,2′‐bipyridine], is developed by incorporating a strong electron‐withdrawing group, nitroolefin, into a bipyridine ligand of the IrIII complex. The luminescence of the probe is quenched owing to the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) process, but switched on by a specific recognition reaction between the probe and Cys. [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) shows high sensitivity and selectivity for Cys detection and good biocompatibility. The long‐lived emission of [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) allows time‐gated luminescence analysis of Cys in cells and human sera. These properties make it convenient for the phosphorescence and time‐gated luminescence imaging and flow cytometry analysis of Cys in live samples. The Cys images in cancer cells and inflamed macrophage cells reveal that [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) is distributed in mitochondria after cellular internalization. Visualizations and flow cytometry analysis of mitochondrial Cys levels and Cys‐mediated redox activities of live cells are achieved. By using [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) as a probe, in vivo sensing and imaging of Cys in D. magna, zebrafish, and mice are then demonstrated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iridium(III) Complex‐Based Activatable Probe for Phosphorescent/Time‐Gated Luminescent Sensing and Imaging of Cysteine in Mitochondria of Live Cells and Animals

Zhang

Song

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

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“…[32] To direct metal catalysts to specific biological organs or cellular compartments, av ariety of established targeting strategies could be used. [33] As we will demonstrate in the following sections, an iterative designp rocess is often required to optimize SIMCatsf or cellular applications.…”

Section: Common Obstaclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular Chemistry: Integrating Molecular Inorganic Catalysts with Living Systems

Ngo

Bose

2018

Chemistry A European J

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This concept article focuses on the rapid growth of intracellular chemistry dedicated to the integration of small-molecule metal catalysts with living cells and organisms. Although biological systems contain a plethora of biomolecules that can deactivate inorganic species, researchers have shown that small-molecule metal catalysts could be engineered to operate in heterogeneous aqueous environments. Synthetic intracellular reactions have recently been reported for olefin hydrogenation, hydrolysis/oxidative cleavage, azide-alkyne cycloaddition, allylcarbamate cleavage, C-C bond cross coupling, and transfer hydrogenation. Other promising targets for new biocompatible reaction discovery will also be discussed, with a special emphasis on how such innovations could lead to the development of novel technologies and chemical tools.

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“…As these species are highly reactive, they can rapidly interact with their biological surroundings to cause oxidative damage and ultimately trigger cell death. [5][6][7][8][9] During recent years, the use of transition metal complexes, [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] and especially Ru(II) polypyridine complexes, has gained much attention due to their attractive chemical and photophysical properties (e.g., chemical stability and photostability, high water solubility, high ROS production). [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Despite their remarkable abilities to act as PSs, these compounds have generally a poor cancer cell selectivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Encapsulation of a Ruthenium Polypyridine Complex for Tumor Targeted 1- and 2-Photon Photodynamic Therapy

Karges¹,

Li²,

Zeng³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Photodynamic therapy is a medical technique, which is gaining increasing attention to treat various types of cancer. Among the investigated classes of photosensitizers, the use of Ru(II) polypyridine complexes is gaining momentum. However, the currently investigated compounds generally show poor cancer cell selectivity. As a consequence, high drug doses are needed, which can cause side effects. To overcome this limitation, there is a need for the development of a suitable drug delivery system to increase the amount of PS delivered to the tumor. Herein, we report on the encapsulation of a promising Ru(II) polypyridyl complex into polymeric nanoparticles with terminal biotin groups. Thanks to this design, the particles showed much higher selectivity for cancer cells in comparison to non-cancerous cells in a 2D monolayer and 3D multicellular tumor spheroid model. As a highlight, upon intravenous injection of an identical amount of the Ru(II) polypyridine complex, an improved accumulation inside an adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial tumor of a mouse by a factor of 8.7 compared to the Ru complex itself was determined. The nanoparticles were found to have a high phototoxic effect upon 1-photon (500 nm) or 2-photon (800 nm) excitation with an eradication of an adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial tumor inside a mouse. Overall, this work describes, to the best of our knowledge, the first <i>in vivo</i> study demonstrating the cancer cell selectivity of a very promising Ru(II)-based PDT photosensitizer encapsulated into polymeric nanoparticles with terminal biotin groups.

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Organelle-targeting metal complexes: From molecular design to bio-applications

Cited by 234 publications

References 134 publications

Iridium(III) Complex‐Based Activatable Probe for Phosphorescent/Time‐Gated Luminescent Sensing and Imaging of Cysteine in Mitochondria of Live Cells and Animals

Iridium(III) Complex‐Based Activatable Probe for Phosphorescent/Time‐Gated Luminescent Sensing and Imaging of Cysteine in Mitochondria of Live Cells and Animals

Intracellular Chemistry: Integrating Molecular Inorganic Catalysts with Living Systems

Polymeric Encapsulation of a Ruthenium Polypyridine Complex for Tumor Targeted 1- and 2-Photon Photodynamic Therapy

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