Organic-acid texturing of transparent electrodes toward broadband light trapping in thin-film solar cells

Lee, Woojin; Hwang, Taehyun; Lee, Sangheon; Lee, Seungyoon; Kang, Joonhyeon; Lee, Byung-Ho; Kim, Jinhyun; Moon, Taeho; Park, Byungwoo

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.08.015

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Haze transmission is the ratio of the diffused transmittance to the total transmittance, and discloses the degree of incident light scattering [33]. The PS-templated TiO 2 looks opaque, and the haze increases as the PS ratio rises (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring the Mesoscopic TiO2 Layer: Concomitant Parameters for Enabling High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2017

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Architectural control over the mesoporous TiO2 film, a common electron-transport layer for organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells, is conducted by employing sub-micron sized polystyrene beads as sacrificial template. Such tailored TiO2 layer is shown to induce asymmetric enhancement of light absorption notably in the long-wavelength region with red-shifted absorption onset of perovskite, leading to ~20% increase of photocurrent and ~10% increase of power conversion efficiency. This enhancement is likely to be originated from the enlarged CH3NH3PbI3(Cl) grains residing in the sub-micron pores rather than from the effect of reduced perovskite-TiO2 interfacial area, which is supported from optical bandgap change, haze transmission of incident light, and one-diode model parameters correlated with the internal surface area of microporous TiO2 layers. With the templating strategy suggested, the necessity of proper hole-blocking method is discussed to prevent any direct contact of the large perovskite grains infiltrated into the intended pores of TiO2 scaffold, further mitigating the interfacial recombination and leading to ~20% improvement in power conversion efficiency compared with the control device using conventional solution-processed hole blocking TiO2. Thereby, the imperatives that originate from the structural engineering of the electron-transport layer are discussed to understand the governing elements for the improved device performance.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s11671-016-1809-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring the Mesoscopic TiO2 Layer: Concomitant Parameters for Enabling High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2017

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“…Transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) with high conductivity and transparency are essential elements for the advanced optoelectronic devices, such as touchscreen panels (TSPs), solar cells (SCs), and organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) 1 2 3 4 . To date, conductive films including conducting metal oxides, graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), conducting polymers, metal nanowires, metal mesh, ultrathin metal films (UTMFs), and hybrids of them have been reported as potential candidates to replace traditionally indium tin oxide (ITO), which is limited by its fragility, high refractive index, limited indium supplies, and high processing temperature 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 . Among these alternatives, ultrathin Ag films (UTAFs) have emerged as a very promising candidate due to their excellent electrical conductivity, low optical loss in the visible range, excellent mechanical flexibility, and mature mass production.…”

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confidence: 99%

Optimizing ultrathin Ag films for high performance oxide-metal-oxide flexible transparent electrodes through surface energy modulation and template-stripping procedures

Yang

Gao

Zhu

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Among new flexible transparent conductive electrode (TCE) candidates, ultrathin Ag film (UTAF) is attractive for its extremely low resistance and relatively high transparency. However, the performances of UTAF based TCEs critically depend on the threshold thickness for growth of continuous Ag films and the film morphologies. Here, we demonstrate that these two parameters could be strongly altered through the modulation of substrate surface energy. By minimizing the surface energy difference between the Ag film and substrate, a 9 nm UTAF with a sheet resistance down to 6.9 Ω sq−1 can be obtained using an electron-beam evaporation process. The resultant UTAF is completely continuous and exhibits smoother morphologies and smaller optical absorbances in comparison to the counterpart of granular-type Ag film at the same thickness without surface modulation. Template-stripping procedure is further developed to transfer the UTAFs to flexible polymer matrixes and construct Al2O3/Ag/MoOx (AAM) electrodes with excellent surface morphology as well as optical and electronic characteristics, including a root-mean-square roughness below 0.21 nm, a transparency up to 93.85% at 550 nm and a sheet resistance as low as 7.39 Ω sq−1. These AAM based electrodes also show superiority in mechanical robustness, thermal oxidation stability and shape memory property.

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“…We investigated an organic acid for the surface texturing as an alternative to the conventional HCl, and the enhancement of light scattering by oxalic acid (H 2 C 2 O 4 ) was demonstrated without any deterioration of transparency or sheet resistance. [97] The surface morphology of the ZnO:Al films textured by oxalic acid and conventional HCl etching are shown in Figs. 8(a-b).…”

Section: Organic-acid Texturing Of Zno Tcos For Broadband Light Trappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the transparent conducting ZnO for thin-film Si solar cells

Moon

Shin

Park

2015

Electron. Mater. Lett.

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The key challenge for solar-cell development lies in the improvement of power-conversion efficiency and the reduction of fabrication cost. For thin-film Si solar cells, researches have been especially focused on the light trapping for the breakthrough in the saturated efficiencies. The ZnObased transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) have therefore received strong attention because of their excellent light-scattering capability by the texture-etched surface and cost effectiveness through in-house fabrication. Here, we have highlighted our recent studies on the transparent conducting ZnO for thin-film Si solar cells. From the electrical properties and their degradation mechanisms, bilayer deposition and organic-acid texturing approaches for enhancing the light trapping, and finally the relation between textured ZnO and electrical cell performances are sequentially introduced in this review article.

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Organic-acid texturing of transparent electrodes toward broadband light trapping in thin-film solar cells

Cited by 25 publications

References 45 publications

Tailoring the Mesoscopic TiO2 Layer: Concomitant Parameters for Enabling High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Tailoring the Mesoscopic TiO2 Layer: Concomitant Parameters for Enabling High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Optimizing ultrathin Ag films for high performance oxide-metal-oxide flexible transparent electrodes through surface energy modulation and template-stripping procedures

Recent advances in the transparent conducting ZnO for thin-film Si solar cells

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