Organic Agriculture: A Viable Option for Food Security and Livelihood Sustainability in Nepal

Dahal, Khem Raj; Sharma, Krishna Prasad; Bhandari, Dila Ram; Regmi, Basu Dev; Nandwani, Dilip

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-26803-3_7

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In recent years, many kinds and formulations of organic fertilizers and bio-fertilizers are produced in many countries in South and SE Asia as well as imported from other countries and are floated in the markets as organic fertilizers. Some of such fertilizers, for example in Nepal, are bio-organic fertilizers, Jaibik Superphosphate (P), Jaibik dhulo (N), Jhol mal, HB 101, Bonsoon Super Prangarik Mal, Green Gold Super Prangarik Mal (Nepal), Chao Nang granules, Super Green plus, Super Green plant, Super Green mix and Premium Azosp, Premium Phospofix and Premium Azotoplus (India) [38]. Likewise, some common organic fertilizers in the Philippines are coco-composts, vermicomposts, Kalikasan Organic, Norfarco Bioorganic, Bio-green Compost, Foundation LCF Organic, Green Harvest Organic, Bio-earth Organic and so forth [36].…”

Section: Sources Of Organic Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Organic Sources of Nutrients Increase Crop Yields to Meet Global Food Demand?

2018

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Meeting global demand of safe and healthy food for the ever-increasing population now and into the future is currently a crucial challenge. Increasing crop production by preserving environment and mitigating climate change should thus be the main goal of today’s agriculture. Conventional farming is characterized by use of high-yielding varieties, irrigation water, chemical fertilizers and synthetic pesticides to increase yields. However, due to either over- or misuse of chemical fertilizers or pesticides in many agro-ecosystems, such farming is often blamed for land degradation and environmental pollution and for adversely affecting the health of humans, plants, animals and aquatic ecosystems. Of all inputs required for increased agricultural production, nutrients are considered to be the most important ones. Organic farming, with use of organic sources of nutrients, is proposed as a sustainable strategy for producing safe, healthy and cheaper food and for restoring soil fertility and mitigating climate change. However, there are several myths and controversies surrounding the use of organic versus inorganic sources of nutrients. The objectives of this paper are: (i) to clarify some of the myths or misconceptions about organic versus inorganic sources of nutrients and (ii) to propose alternative solutions to increase on-farm biomass production for use as organic inputs for improving soil fertility and increasing crop yields. Common myths identified by this review include that organic materials/fertilizers can: (i) supply all required macro- and micro-nutrients for plants; (ii) improve physical, chemical and microbiological properties of soils; (iii) be applied universally on all soils; (iv) always produce quality products; (v) be cheaper and affordable; and (vi) build-up of large amount of soil organic matter. Other related myths are: “legumes can use entire amount of N2 fixed from atmosphere” and “bio-fertilizers increase nutrient content of soil.” Common myths regarding chemical fertilizers are that they: (i) are not easily available and affordable, (ii) degrade land, (iii) pollute environment and (iv) adversely affect health of humans, animals and agro-ecosystems. The review reveals that, except in some cases where higher yields (and higher profits) can be found from organic farming, their yields are generally 20–50% lower than that from conventional farming. The paper demonstrates that considering the current organic sources of nutrients in the developing countries, organic nutrients alone are not enough to increase crop yields to meet global food demand and that nutrients from inorganic and organic sources should preferably be applied at 75:25 ratio. The review identifies a new and alternative concept of Evergreen Agriculture (an extension of Agroforestry System), which has potential to supply organic nutrients in much higher amounts, improve on-farm soil fertility and meet nutrient demand of high-yielding crops, sequester carbon and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, provide fodder for livestock and fuelwood for farmers and has potential to meet global food demand. Evergreen Agriculture has been widely adapted by tens of millions of farmers in several African countries and the review proposes for evaluation and scaling-up of such technology in Asian and Latin American countries too.

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Section: Sources Of Organic Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Organic Sources of Nutrients Increase Crop Yields to Meet Global Food Demand?

2018

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“…However, this legislation did not address land suitability for non-agricultural purposes such as residential, commercial, and industrial use. The introduction of the National Land Use Policy in 2012 and its amendment in 2015 aimed to address concerns regarding food security and environmental degradation [29][30][31]. This policy was followed by the implementation of restrictions on the subdivision of agricultural land in 2017 [17] and the enactment of the Land Use Act 2019 and Land Use Regulations 2022 [32,33], further reinforcing land use regulation in Nepal.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, the Land Use Act 2019 was enacted, mandating that local governments designate land classifications prior to land transactions [32]. The implementation of land use regulation has been closely monitored by key stakeholders in the land market, as well as academics and researchers [18,31,34,38,39].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the Impact Factors on the Land Market in Nepal from Land Use Regulation

Subedi,

McDougall,

Paudyal

2024

Urban Science

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Measuring the impact of land use regulation on the land market involves identifying and classifying relevant impact factors related to the land market. The objective of this study was to identify land market impact factors in the context of the introduction of land use regulation in Nepal. Through a combination of desktop review and the incorporation of stakeholder perspectives, the paper presents a new approach for determining land market impact factors due to land use regulation where both generic and country issues are considered. A desktop review was carried out to identify a preliminary set of impact factors, which were reclassified through intuitive analysis based on the degree of thematic closeness. Perspective-based impact factors were identified through the qualitative analysis of primary data collected through semi-structured interviews with the Nepalese land market stakeholders. These independently derived impact factors were compared with the desktop literature review impact factors, resulting in 14 land market impact factors across four dimensions, including transaction cost, valuation, mortgage availability, taxation, and compensation across the economic dimension; lot size, subdivision restrictions, and coordination across the institutional dimension; awareness, expectation, and proximity across the social dimension; and risk reduction, quality of residential land, and suitability of zoning classification across the environmental dimension. There was significant overlap and commonality across factors identified from both the literature review and semi-structured interviews. The land market impact factors determined in this study may be adapted and generalized across other countries and could be utilized to better understand the impacts of land policy decisions on urban planning and development. Further research is recommended on the process to operationalize the use of these factors to quantify the impact of land use regulation on different land markets.

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“…However, challenges persist in the widespread adoption of organic farming in Nepal (Dahal et al, 2016). Transitioning from conventional to organic practices might be difficult, especially for farmers dependent on chemical inputs.…”

Section: Organic Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Sustainable Agricultural Practices in Nepal: A Review

Regmi,

Neupane

2023

Agr. Ext. Dvp. Ctries.

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Nepal, a predominantly agricultural nation, is highly reliant on agriculture for its economic growth and the livelihoods of its people. However, conventional farming methods have posed significant challenges, including soil degradation, water scarcity, and biodiversity loss. In recent years, there has been an increasing emphasis on adopting sustainable agricultural practices to mitigate these issues and promote long-term food security and environmental conservation. This review paper aims to explore and assess various sustainable agricultural practices that hold promise for Nepal’s agriculture sector. The paper analyzes the feasibility, benefits, and challenges associated with each practice, highlighting their potential for transforming the agricultural landscape in Nepal.

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Organic Agriculture: A Viable Option for Food Security and Livelihood Sustainability in Nepal

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Can Organic Sources of Nutrients Increase Crop Yields to Meet Global Food Demand?

Can Organic Sources of Nutrients Increase Crop Yields to Meet Global Food Demand?

Identifying the Impact Factors on the Land Market in Nepal from Land Use Regulation

Possible Sustainable Agricultural Practices in Nepal: A Review

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