Organic and Black Carbon in PM2.5 at an Urban Site at Dhaka, Bangladesh

Begum, Bilkis A.; Hossain, Alamgir; Nahar, Nurun; Markwitz, A.; Hopke, Philip K.

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2012.05.0138

Cited by 58 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Average seasonal concentrations of OC obtained in this study are comparable to those reported for respective seasons for other two Indian cities, Kanpur and Hisar (Ram and Sarin 2010a, b); however EC concentration obtained for Pune and Hyderabad are higher than those for Kanpur and Hisar. On the other hand, OC and EC concentrations at some of the highly urbanized Asian cities such as Dhaka in Bangladesh and Beijing in China (Begum et al 2012;Dan et al 2004) are higher than those obtained in the present study. There are some other developed areas in the Asia such as Hong Kong (China), Bangkok (Thailand), Tokyo and Saitama (Japan) where carbonaceous particles concentration has been reported either to be comparable to or less (Cao et al 2007;Kim et al 2011;Sahu et al 2011) than those obtained in the present study.…”

Section: Variation At Hyderabadcontrasting

confidence: 85%

Carbonaceous aerosols over Pune and Hyderabad (India) and influence of meteorological factors

et al. 2015

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Sampling of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter cut off at 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ) has been carried out over a semi urban site of Pune and an urban site of Hyderabad. Analysis of elemental Carbon (EC) and Organic Carbon (OC) present in PM 2.5 was carried out using advanced Desert Research Institute's (DRI) Thermal/Optical Carbon Analyzer operated on IMPROVE_ A (Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments_ A) protocol. It is found that average concentration of EC and OC both at Pune and Hyderabad was highest during winter season and lowest during monsoon season. Winter high is mainly controlled by inversion, whereas monsoon low is due to rain-out and wash-out process. OC/EC ratio showed higher variation over Pune compared to that over Hyderabad in different seasons, indicating divergent sources of emission of OC and EC at Pune. Formation of Secondary Organic Carbon (SOC) has also been identified as one of the reasons for wide variation in OC/EC ratio value in different seasons over both the sites.

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Section: Variation At Hyderabadcontrasting

confidence: 85%

Carbonaceous aerosols over Pune and Hyderabad (India) and influence of meteorological factors

et al. 2015

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“…Therefore, the presence of Si particles in our study is from some likely combination of transported windblown soil particles, re-suspended dust from vehicular traffic or construction, and from industrial combustion (Houghton et al , 2001; Herman et al , 1997). Since particulate C offers attractive adsorption sites for various volatile compounds, its higher amount can promote deleterious health effects (Begum et al , 2012; Pipal et al , 2014). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Morphology and Composition of Particulate Matter in an Urban Environment

Zeb

Alam

Sorooshian

et al. 2018

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Particulate matter (PM) plays a vital role in altering air quality, human health, and climate change. There are sparse data relevant to PM characteristics in urban environments of the Middle East, including Peshawar city in Pakistan. This work reports on the morphology and composition of PM in two size fractions (PM2.5 and PM10) during November 2016 in Peshawar. The 24 hous mass concentration of PM2.5 varied from 72 μg m−3 to 500 μg m−3 with an average value of 286 μg m−3. The 24 hours PM10 concentration varied from 300 μg m−3 to 1440 μg m−3 with an average of 638 μg m−3. The morphology, size, and elemental composition of PM were measured using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) Spectroscopy. The size of the analyzed particles by EDX ranged from 916 nm to 22 μm. Particles were classified into the following groups based on their elemental composition and morphology: silica (12%), aluminosilicates (23%), calcium rich (3%), chloride (2%), Fe/Ti oxides (3%), carbonaceous (49%), sulfate (5%), biogenic (3%). The major identified sources of PM are vehicular emissions, biomass burning, soil and re-suspended road dust, biological emissions, and construction activities in and around the vicinity of the sampling site.

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“…S2(b), reflecting increased space heating use with the onset of colder periods. Maximum BC was also observed from November to February at urban locations in the USA , Europe (Saha and Despiau, 2009) India and Bangladesh (Baxla et al, 2009;Begum et al, 2012;Swamy et al, 2012). However in Hong Kong maximum BC was found from July to September (Cheng et al, 2012) indicating sources other than nearby traffic was impacting the site during the summer period.…”

Section: Monthly Patternmentioning

confidence: 94%

Long Term Black Carbon Measurements at Two Urban Locations in New York

Rattigan

Civerolo

Doraiswamy

et al. 2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Measurements of PM 2.5 black carbon (BC) over an 8-9 year period are used to characterize temporal patterns at sites in New York City (NYC) and Rochester, NY. Annual mean BC at the NYC location ranges from 1.4 to 2.0 μg/m 3 , whereas mean concentrations at Rochester are approximately a factor of 2-3 lower. BC amounts to 15-20% of PM 2.5 mass in NYC compared to 7-10% at Rochester. Seasonal patterns reveal the highest BC concentrations in NYC from November to February versus June to November at Rochester. At both locations, mean weekday (Monday-Friday) BC concentrations are statistically higher compared to weekends (Saturday and Sunday). Weekday BC diurnal profiles exhibit a morning peak between 6-10 AM EST followed by an afternoon minimum, with a secondary peak in the late evening. Sunday BC diurnal profiles show highest concentrations at night, from 8 PM to 2 AM. These patterns are consistent with vehicle counts on nearby roadways and boundary layer dynamics at both locations. Simultaneous measurements of BC at 370 and 880 nm show an enhancement in BC 370 relative to the BC 880 from October to March. This enhanced signal is most evident at Rochester during late evening and early morning hours (8 PM to 4 AM) on weekends, and is attributed to UV absorbing species (such as wood smoke markers) in the ambient particle mixture. At the NYC site, the levels of Nickel (Ni) and Cobalt (Co) in PM 10 are elevated during the heating season due to residual oil combustion. The long term datasets are used to explore the seasonal relationship between BC 880 and EC at both sites.

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Organic and Black Carbon in PM2.5 at an Urban Site at Dhaka, Bangladesh

Cited by 58 publications

References 41 publications

Carbonaceous aerosols over Pune and Hyderabad (India) and influence of meteorological factors

Carbonaceous aerosols over Pune and Hyderabad (India) and influence of meteorological factors

On the Morphology and Composition of Particulate Matter in an Urban Environment

Long Term Black Carbon Measurements at Two Urban Locations in New York

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