Organic and nutrient removal from pulp and paper industry wastewater by extended aeration activated sludge system

Jagaba, Ahmad Hussaini; Kutty, S. R. M.; Fauzi, M. A. H. M.; Razali, M.A.A.; Hafiz, MhdAmmar; Noor, Azmatullah

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/842/1/012021

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…P&P wastewaters usually contain high amounts of color because of their high lignin and dissolved organic matter (DOM) content . Color compounds are a type of refractory organic material in P&P wastewater that can either be converted to smaller substances rather than minerals or be utilized by microorganisms in conventional biobased treatment systems as sources of energy and carbon . Pulping, bleaching, and chemical recovery sections are the major sources of color in the P&P industry.…”

Section: Key Pollutants Indicators Of Pandp Wastewatermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Pulp and Paper Industries Wastewater Treatment Advances

Esmaeeli,

Sarrafzadeh,

Zeighami

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The pulp and paper industry generates vast amounts of wastewater, and its character heavily depends on various factors (raw material, the undertaken process, the final product, etc.). The wastewater from this sector, which originates from several sources in each mill and are mostly combined, is polluting and hazardous. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of the physical, chemical, biological, and advanced hybrid treatment techniques, concerning their effectiveness in removing specific pollutants, namely, chemical oxygen demand, lignin, color, and adsorbable organo-halogens. Throughout the manuscript, at the end of each section, a conclusive comparison has been presented and the proper method is introduced. Furthermore, numeric data regarding the effectiveness of each technique toward each pollutant are gathered from the literature and are available in the Supporting Information of the paper. Biological treatment processes using anaerobic–aerobic treatment mostly cure organic biodegradable contaminants (75–90% COD removal). Moreover, biological treatment using a consortium of microorganisms can potentially increase color removal efficiency (from 65 to 97%). Hybrid treatment is also among the candidates for color removal. To treat complex matters (lignin and AOX), physical and chemical treatments have shown promising performance, but they are generally expensive and impractical to treat huge amounts of wastewater. For the treatment of high molecular weight contaminants (lignin) advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), including ozonation and Fenton-based treatment, have shown great performance (90–99%); however, they are limited due to their maintenance and operation costs. To overcome these challenges, source separation of the wastewater streams in the pulp and paper industry is recommended. AOPs or membrane technologies or hybrid processes are suggested for the bleaching effluent (80% AOX removal), which is relatively low in amount, and a combination of conventional treatment processes would be preferred to treat wastewater streams that are more biodegradable. The biological performance can also be enhanced using granular activated carbon on the sequence. Finally, for treating black liquor, adsorption processes have proven to be the prime candidate.

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Section: Key Pollutants Indicators Of Pandp Wastewatermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Pulp and Paper Industries Wastewater Treatment Advances

Esmaeeli,

Sarrafzadeh,

Zeighami

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…3a and b respectively. During the start-up operational stage, the reactors were fed with biomass taken from a domestic wastewater treatment plant [29]. After acclimatization, the bioreactor was continuously operated and fed with PPBW [30].…”

Section: Bioreactor Set-up and Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric optimization and kinetic modelling for organic matter removal from agro-waste derived paper packaging biorefinery wastewater

Jagaba

Kutty

Noor

et al. 2022

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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state-of-the-art paper packaging biorefinery utilizes cellulose fibrous material from paddy straw and papaya latex to produce packaging products. This in turn generate wastewater with high organic matter content that if disposed without treatment, will pollute water bodies, and affect aquatic life below water. Therefore, to comply with "clean water and sanitation" (SDG 6) and "life below water" (SDG 14), this study assesses the efficacy of an extended aeration activated sludge (EAAS) in the treatment of paper packaging biorefinery wastewater (PPBW) by employing paddy straw derived activated carbon as a biosorbent. Findings revealed that the system was able to achieve 95%-98.2% and 90.62%-94.96% biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction respectively. The maximum organic matter removals were achieved at 2-day hydraulic retention time (HRT) and 60% PPBW concentration. To evaluate substrate removal rates, the First order, Modified Stover-Kincannon and Grau second order models were used. In the Modified Stover-Kincannon model, high correlation coefficients values R 2 of 0.99986 and 0.99991 were obtained for COD and BOD5 respectively. 20 gCOD/L/d and 50 gBOD5/L/d were obtained as Umsr for COD and BOD5 respectively and 20.402 g/L/d and 56.295 g/L/d as KV constants for COD and BOD5 respectively. The COD and BOD5 biokinetic constant values for the Grau second order organic matter removal rate constant kS were 36 d -1 and 0.78 d -1 respectively. Here, 0.9989 and 0.99928 were the obtained R 2 values for COD and BOD5 respectively. The EAAS bioreactor system described by modified Stover-Kincannon model was proven to best suit the experimental data. Therefore, the model can be used in designing an EAAS system and consequently predict the bioreactor behavior. The result of this study provided a benchmark for the actual implementation of PSAC in PPBW treatment for COD and BOD5 removal. It has been proven that PSAC bio-sorbent sourced from a natural agro-waste material is essential and could be used as an efficient substance for organic matter removal. Operating expenses and associated savings were such that PASC was more attractive in an economic analysis of wastewater treatment demands. It is environmentally benign and offers a green treatment option to the PPBW. It could be an alternative to chemical materials because it is harmless to human health and proffer sustainable solution to potable water production.

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“…This crisis is thought to be worsen after the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam 10 . Probably, the use of unconventional water resources has become an essential dispute to cope with water scarcity 11,12 ; yet proper improvements in their quality should be taken into consideration [13][14][15][16][17][18] . In this context, the Egyptian government has constructed many plants to treat wastewater 19 , yet the daily amount of reclaimed water is still far below the intended needs.…”

Section: Reclamation Of Wastewater In Wetlands Using Reed Plants and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reclamation of wastewater in wetlands using reed plants and biochar

Asaad

Elhawary

Abbas

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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To cope with water crisis, wastewater reuse has been introduced as a potential source for irrigation. On the other hand, irrigation with wastewater may negatively affect the surroundings. In this study, reed plant (Phragmits australis) and its biochar were tested as low-cost treatments to enhance the efficiency of wastewater reclamation in wetlands within only 72 h. The investigated water was of low irrigation quality and exhibited high contents of BOD5 and fecal coliform. Moreover, this water contained high levels of soluble cations and anions; besides, being marginally contaminated with Cu, Mn and Cd. After 2 days in the sedimentation unit, wastewater was subjected to three reclamation treatments in parallel (each lasted for 24 h): (1) a “sand & gravel bed”, (2) “reed plants grown on a sand & gravel bed” and (3) “biochar + a sand & gravel bed”. The results showed that all treatments decreased BOD5, fecal coliform, total cations and anions, with superiority for the second and third treatments. The levels of the potentially toxic elements also decreased to values within the permissible levels. Although the aforementioned wastewater treatment processes upgraded the quality of this water, it remained in the poor grade. Biochar or reed plants grown on sand and gravel beds significantly improved wastewater quality to the medium quality grade, with superiority for biochar treatment. In conclusion, investigated treatments are guaranteed in wetlands for wastewater reclamation; yet, further protocols should be followed to achieve safe handling of this water and attain the sustainable goals.

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Organic and nutrient removal from pulp and paper industry wastewater by extended aeration activated sludge system

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

A Comprehensive Review on Pulp and Paper Industries Wastewater Treatment Advances

A Comprehensive Review on Pulp and Paper Industries Wastewater Treatment Advances

Parametric optimization and kinetic modelling for organic matter removal from agro-waste derived paper packaging biorefinery wastewater

Reclamation of wastewater in wetlands using reed plants and biochar

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