2017
DOI: 10.1002/lno.10638
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Organic carbon patterns and budgets in the Long Island Sound estuary

Abstract: A multi‐year observational time series was evaluated across the 150 km central axis of the U.S. east coast's Long Island Sound (LIS) estuary, in three distinct regions. Fluxes were calculated at the boundaries of the regions using observations coupled to a hydrodynamic model and applied to a mass balance to assess organic carbon (OC) export from LIS. For all years, during stratified summer periods, LIS was a net exporter of OC to the continental shelf. LIS annual net carbon export however, varied with river fl… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…These patterns were consistent with allochthonous organic matter inputs fueling increasing heterotrophy in the upper bay and elevated seaward nutrient fluxes fueling increasing autotrophy in the lower bay (Figure ). These patterns in Chesapeake Bay are also consitent with flow‐NEM relationships across a broad range of estuarine ecosystems (Crosswell et al, ; Howarth et al, ; Pradeep Ram et al, ; Vlahos & Whitney, ) and increases in chlorophyll‐ a in seaward Chesapeake Bay waters under high flow (Acker et al, ; Harding et al, ). Indeed, a high negative correlation ( r = −0.83, Figure S5) between upper bay NEM and lower bay NEM over the past 30 years in our model analysis confirms that discharge alters the spatial pattern of carbon production and consumption in this estuary.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 81%
“…These patterns were consistent with allochthonous organic matter inputs fueling increasing heterotrophy in the upper bay and elevated seaward nutrient fluxes fueling increasing autotrophy in the lower bay (Figure ). These patterns in Chesapeake Bay are also consitent with flow‐NEM relationships across a broad range of estuarine ecosystems (Crosswell et al, ; Howarth et al, ; Pradeep Ram et al, ; Vlahos & Whitney, ) and increases in chlorophyll‐ a in seaward Chesapeake Bay waters under high flow (Acker et al, ; Harding et al, ). Indeed, a high negative correlation ( r = −0.83, Figure S5) between upper bay NEM and lower bay NEM over the past 30 years in our model analysis confirms that discharge alters the spatial pattern of carbon production and consumption in this estuary.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 81%
“…Other studies such as the New River Estuary however have suggested increased nutrient supplies promote ecosystem heterotrophy (Caffrey, ; Crosswell et al, ; Gazeau et al, ; Valiela, ). This study of the Sydney Harbour Estuary showed that the carbon budget was slightly heterotrophic; however, under conditions of high rainfall, which exposed the middle and lower estuary to anthropogenic nutrient enrichment (Jeffries et al, ), an increase in production transitioned the system to net ecosystem autotrophy (Kubo et al, ; Oviatt et al, ; Vlahos & Whitney, ). Over an annual cycle, the Sydney Harbour estuary was found to be a net exporter of DIC and importer of OC with NEM as the main control on carbon fluxes in the system.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The authors conclude the importance and need of more complete datasets to be able to correctly capture all natural processes encompassing the carbon budget. Indeed, Vlahos and Whitney () also report that their study system can alternate between net autotrophy and net heterotrophy based on the riverine flow conditions. Using a mass balance approach, the authors show that the Long Island Sound estuary system ranged between net organic carbon import from the continental shelf and heterotrophy during low flow and net export of organic carbon and autotrophy during high flow.…”
Section: Carbon Connects the Earth's Hydrospherementioning
confidence: 95%