Organic Iodide Formation During Severe Accidents in Light Water Nuclear Reactors

Beahm, E.C.; Wang, Yun Ming; Wisbey, S. J.; Shockley, W.E.

doi:10.13182/nt87-a34006

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…No appreciable volatilization of iodine occurred in solutions containing organics in the absence of radiation (16). In an early investigation of the types of organic iodides formed in the presence of organics, methyl iodide was the only compound detected in measurable quantities (14). However, as shown here, a variety of species may be produced depending on the structure or the original "parent" organic solute.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The effects of organic compounds on the production of volatile species of iodine have been investigated in bench- (3,(13)(14)(15)(16) and intermediate-scale (7,(17)(18)(19) experiments. A study of the impact of different types of organics on iodine volatility in irradiated systems showed that the iodine volatilization rate increased 50-100 times in the presence of alkyl halides and 3-4 times in the presence of carbonyls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiolytic Organic Iodide Formation under Nuclear Reactor Accident Conditions

Taghipour

Evans

2000

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The radiological and environmental impacts of serious nuclear reactor accidents are governed to a large extent by the release of airborne radioiodine to the environment. The post-accident volatilization of radioiodine can be significantly affected by organic impurities present in a reactor containment structure. In this research, the impact of organic compounds on iodine behavior was investigated under chemical conditions representative of those expected post-accident in a reactor containment structure. Gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and UV spectrophotometry were used to analyze the gas and liquid phases of irradiated iodide solutions containing various alkyl halide, carbonyl, and aromatic compounds; the three classes of organic molecules most likely present in containment. Chloro-iodo organics and alkyl iodides were the major types of volatile iodo-organics formed in the presence of alkyl chlorides and carbonyls, respectively, while no volatile iodo-organics were formed in the presence of aromatics. The originally present I- formed small amounts of I2 in the presence of ionizing radiation. The quasi-steady-state I2 concentration increased in the presence of alkyl chlorides and decreased in the presence of carbonyls and aromatics. These results indicate that using materials, such as paints, containing aromatics as opposed to alkyl halides and carbonyl compounds will provide a passive means to reduce iodine releases following reactor accidents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiolytic Organic Iodide Formation under Nuclear Reactor Accident Conditions

Taghipour

Evans

2000

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…5. It was found that including reaction [5], with a reaction rate constant of ks 5 5.0 x lo9 M-' s-' , had no effect on the (SCN)2'-growth profile. However, if reaction [6] occurred with the same rate constant, then the yield of (SCN)2'-was considerably reduced, and the (SCN)2' -growth rate was far faster.…”

Section: Reaction Of Hydroxyl Radicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate constant and activation energy determination for reaction of e⁻_(aq) and ^•OH with 2-butanone and propanal

Mezyk¹

1994

Can. J. Chem.

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The techniques of pulse radiolysis and absorption spectroscopy have been used to determine kinetic parameters for e−(aq) and •OH reaction with 2-butanone and propanal. The temperature dependent rate constants for hydrated electron reaction are given by ln k(T) = (28.96 ± 0.06) − (1970 ± 20)/T' (2-butanone, 275–343 K), and ln k(T) = (29.2 ± 0.2) − (2160 ± 50)/T (propanal, 275–310 K), where the given uncertainties are 1σ and only represent precision, and the rate constants are in units of M−1 s−1. For hydroxyl radical reaction over the same temperature ranges. ln k(T) = 25.32 ± 0.02) − (1460 ± 40)/T (2-butanone) and ln k(T) = (32.73 ± 0.03) − (3310 ± 100)/T (propanal).

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“…Inorganic radioactive iodine-containing compounds, such as HI, HOI, and ICN, may also be present, but usually in vary small amounts. [7][8][9][10] Because of the different physicochemical properties of molecular iodine and organic iodides, specially designed absorption or adsorption systems are needed to achieve the desired capture efficiency and capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%