Organic matter-hosted pore system, Marcellus Formation (Devonian), Pennsylvania

Milliken, Kitty L.; Rudnicki, M.D.; Awwiller, David N.; Zhang, Tongwei

doi:10.1306/07231212048

Cited by 894 publications

(587 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…These agree well with previous results from gas shales in North American basins (Chalmers and Bustin, 2008;Ross and Bustin, 2009) and Lower Silurian and Lower Cambrian shales in southwestern China (Tian et al, 2013. They both suggest that organic matters provide important spaces for micropores development in the Lower Silurian shale, which has also been reported in other shales (Milliken et al, 2013;Tian et al, 2013Tian et al, , 2015. In addition to organic matter abundance, organic matter maturity also plays an important role for micropore development, which has been reported in other shale (Chen and Xiao, 2014).…”

Section: Isotherms Of Co 2 Adsorptionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Quantitative characterization of micropore structure for organic-rich Lower Silurian shale in the Upper Yangtze Platform, South China: Implications for shale gas adsorption capacity

Chen

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2017

Adv. Geo-Energ. Res.

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The pores in shales are mainly of nanometer-scale, and their pore size distribution is very important for shale gas storage and adsorption capacity, especially micropores having widths less than 2 nm, which contribute to the main occurrence space for gas adsorption. This study is focused on the organic-rich Lower Silurian black shale from four wells in the Upper Yangtze Platform, and their total organic carbon (TOC), mineralogical composition and micropore characterization were investigated. Low pressure CO2 adsorption measurement was conducted at 273.15 K in the relative pressure range of 0.0001-0.03, and the micropore structure was characterized by Dubinin-Radushkevich (DR) equation and density functional theory (DFT) method and then the relationship between micropore structure and shale gas adsorption capacity was discussed. The results indicated that (1) The Lower Silurian shale have high TOC content in the range of 0.92-4.96%, high quartz content in the range of 30.6-69.5%, and high clays content in the range of 24.1-51.2%. The TOC content shows a strong positive relationship with the quartz content which suggests that the quartz is mainly biogenic in origin. (2) The micropore volume varies from 0.12 cm 3 /100 g to 0.44 cm 3 /100 g and micropore surface area varies from 4.97 m 2 /g to 17.94 m 2 /g. Both of them increase with increasing TOC content, indicating TOC is the key factor to control the micropore structure of the Lower Silurian shale. (3) Low pressure CO2 adsorption measurement provides the most suitable detection range (0.3-1.5 nm) and has high reliability and accuracy for micropore structure characterization. (4) The TOC content is the key factor to control gas adsorption capacity of the Lower Silurian shale in the Upper Yangtze Platform.

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Section: Isotherms Of Co 2 Adsorptionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Quantitative characterization of micropore structure for organic-rich Lower Silurian shale in the Upper Yangtze Platform, South China: Implications for shale gas adsorption capacity

Chen

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2017

Adv. Geo-Energ. Res.

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“…In fact, the BET SSA and BJH PV also gradually stabilized when the TOC content became much higher (Figure 7a,b). Milliken et al also found a similar variation tendency between TOC content and porosity when the TOC content is above 5.6% [59]. Wang et al suggested that the excessive TOC content could decrease the brittleness and fracture density of the shale, which allow for easy compaction of the shale and minimal preservation of the pores [21,60].…”

Section: Effect Of Toc Content On Pore Structurementioning

confidence: 84%

Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Niutitang Shale from China

Tang

Wang

et al. 2018

Minerals

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A suite of shale samples from the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in northwestern Hunan Province, China, were investigated to better understand the pore structure and fractal characteristics of marine shale. Organic geochemistry, mineralogy by X-ray diffraction, porosity, permeability, mercury intrusion and nitrogen adsorption and methane adsorption experiments were conducted for each sample. Fractal dimension D was obtained from the nitrogen adsorption data using the fractal Frenkel-Halsey-Hill (FHH) model. The relationships between total organic carbon (TOC) content, mineral compositions, pore structure parameters and fractal dimension are discussed, along with the contributions of fractal dimension to shale gas reservoir evaluation. Analysis of the results showed that Niutitang shale samples featured high TOC content (2.51% on average), high thermal maturity (3.0% on average), low permeability and complex pore structures, which are highly fractal. TOC content and mineral compositions are two major factors affecting pore structure but they have different impacts on the fractal dimension. Shale samples with higher TOC content had a larger specific surface area (SSA), pore volume (PV) and fractal dimension, which enhanced the heterogeneity of the pore structure. Quartz content had a relatively weak influence on shale pore structure, whereas SSA, PV and fractal dimension decreased with increasing clay mineral content. Shale with a higher clay content weakened pore structure heterogeneity. The permeability and Langmuir volume of methane adsorption were affected by fractal dimension. Shale samples with higher fractal dimension had higher adsorption capacity but lower permeability, which is favorable for shale gas adsorption but adverse to shale gas seepage and diffusion.

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“…Approximately 3 g of material was crushed to < 0.5 mm particle size and dried overnight 7 at 105°C. The sample was added to a pre-weighed pycnometer and weighed.…”

Section: Grain Density Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7] The pore volume of shales can be determined by various techniques such as mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) porosimetry and grain density/ helium pycnometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and gas sorption techniques, with each method characterizing a specific pore size range. Ultra small angle neutron scattering and small angle neutron scattering techniques are also useful for the determination of pore connectivity in shales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Pressure Methane Adsorption and Characterization of Pores in Posidonia Shales and Isolated Kerogens

et al. 2014

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. (2014) 'High-pressure methane adsorption and characterization of pores in Posidonia shales and isolated kerogens.', Energy fuels., 28 (5). pp. 2886-2901. Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef402466mPublisher's copyright statement:This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in nal form in Energy Fuels, copyright c American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the nal edited and published work see http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef402466m. Additional information:Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. AbstractSorption capacities and pore characteristics of bulk shales and isolated kerogens have been determined for immature, oil-window and gas-window mature samples from the Lower Toarcian Posidonia Shale formation. Dubinin-Radushkevich (DR) micropore volumes, sorption pore volumes and surface areas of shales and kerogens were determined from CO 2 adsorption isotherms at -78°C and 0°C, and N 2 adsorption isotherms at -196°C. Mercury injection capillary pressure porosimetry, grain density measurements and helium pycnometry were used to determine shale and kerogen densities and total pore volumes.Total porosities decrease through the oil-window and then increase into the gas-window.High-pressure methane isotherms up to 14 MPa were determined at 45, 65 and 85°C on dry shale and at 45 and 65°C on kerogen. Methane excess uptakes at 65°C and 11.5 MPa were in the range 0.056-0.110 mmol g -1 (40-78 scf t -1 ) for dry Posidonia shales and 0.36-0.70 mmol g -1 (253-499 scf t -1 ) for the corresponding dry kerogens. Absolute methane isotherms were calculated by correcting for the gas at bulk gas phase density in the sorption pore volume. The enthalpies of CH 4 adsorption for shales and kerogens at zero surface coverage showed no significant variation with maturity, indicating that the sorption pore volume is the primary control on sorption uptake. The sum of pore volumes measured by a) CO 2 sorption at -78°C and b) mercury injection, are similar to the total porosity for shales. Since mercury in our experiments occupies pores with constrictions larger than ca. 6 nm, we infer that porosity measured by CO 2 adsorption at -78°C in the samples used in this study is largely within pores with effective diameters smaller than 6 nm. The linear correlation between maximum CH 4 surface excess sorption and CO 2 sorption pore volume at -78°C is very strong for both shales and kerogens, and goes through the origin, suggestin...

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Organic matter-hosted pore system, Marcellus Formation (Devonian), Pennsylvania

Cited by 894 publications

References 35 publications

Quantitative characterization of micropore structure for organic-rich Lower Silurian shale in the Upper Yangtze Platform, South China: Implications for shale gas adsorption capacity

Quantitative characterization of micropore structure for organic-rich Lower Silurian shale in the Upper Yangtze Platform, South China: Implications for shale gas adsorption capacity

Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Niutitang Shale from China

High-Pressure Methane Adsorption and Characterization of Pores in Posidonia Shales and Isolated Kerogens

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