Organic Matter Properties of Spent Button Mushroom Substrate in the Context of Soil Organic Matter Reproduction

Becher, Marcin; Banach-Szott, Magdalena; Godlewska, A.

doi:10.3390/agronomy11020204

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The spent mushroom substrates may enrich soils with organic matter, nitrogen, and carbonates, improving their fertility and preventing soil degradation [6]. To date, a large volume of research has indicated that soil properties-such as pH, organic carbon content, bulk density, enzymatic and microbial activity-are improved by different organic additives [37][38][39].…”

Section: Effects Of Additives On Soil Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have assessed the effects of organic matter application in the long-term experiments, but with additives such as biochar, composts, sewage sludge and farmyard manure [40][41][42]. The influence of spent mushroom substrate and chicken manure on soil properties has only been tested in a few short-term experiments [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. From a comparison of the results between the short-term and our 20-year studies, it is apparent that the positive effects of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and chicken manure (CM) on the soil characteristics-such as the content of nutrients, water, and organic carbonwere cumulative compared to control soil (CS).…”

Section: Effects Of Additives On Soil Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The porosity and water-holding capacity of SMS vary between 14.50 and 26.20%, and 28.00 and 41.00%, respectively [5]. SMS is also characterized by a high content of organic matter and a low toxic element content [4,6]. Therefore, in recent years, spent mushroom substrate has been investigated in various research studies as a soil additive [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobiome Composition and Diversity under the Long-Term Application of Spent Mushroom Substrate and Chicken Manure

et al. 2021

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Waste exogenous organic matter, including spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and chicken manure (CM), can be used as the basis of a soil-improving cropping system in sustainable agriculture. However, there is—as yet—a lack of information about important quality indicators such as the fungal community relative abundance, structure and biodiversity in soils treated with these additives. In this study, the responses of the soil fungal community composition and mycobiome diversity to SMS and CM application compared to the control soil were evaluated using a combination of the following molecular approaches: quantitative polymerase chain reactions, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, and next-generation sequencing. The most abundant phylum for both treatments was Ascomycota, followed by Basidiomycota. The application of SMS and CM increased the abundance of fungi, including Tremellomycetes and Pezizomycetes for the SMS additive, while the Mortierellomycetes, Pezizomycetes, and Leotiomycetes levels increased after CM addition. SMS and CM beneficially reduced the relative abundance of several operational taxonomic units (OTUs) which are potential crop pathogens. The results provide a novel insight into the fungal community associated with organic additives, which should be beneficial in the task of managing the soil mycobiome as well as crop protection and productivity.

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Section: Effects Of Additives On Soil Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of Additives On Soil Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobiome Composition and Diversity under the Long-Term Application of Spent Mushroom Substrate and Chicken Manure

et al. 2021

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“…The analysis of variance confirmed that the soil sampled from the 10-20 cm layer recorded significantly lower (by 23.7%) mean values of the ratio TOC/Nt, as compared with the soil sampled from the 0-10 cm layer (p = 0.0001) (Table 2). The values of the TOC/Nt ratio for the soil sampled 10-20 cm deep can be indicative of a high degree of transformation of organic matter present in the material, and of a prevalence of mineralisation over synthesis of organic nitrogen compounds [75].…”

Section: Basic Parameters Of Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Humic Acids in Meadow Soils Irrigated with the Slope-and-Flooding System

2021

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The still-advancing soil degradation and the related losses of soil organic carbon stocks due to the limited inflow of organic residues in agro-ecosystems encourage more and more soil protection. Establishing meadow ecosystems is one of the key methods of agricultural land use preventing losses of organic carbon in soils. Based on the research on the properties of humic acids, it is possible to determine the advancement of the processes of transformation and decomposition of soil organic matter. The obtained results may allow for the development of a soil protection strategy and more effective sequestration of organic carbon. Therefore, the aim of the research was to determine the properties of humic acids defining the quality of organic matter of meadow soils irrigated for 150 years with the slope-and-flooding system. The research was performed based on the soils (Albic Brunic Arenosol) sampled from Europe’s unique complex of permanent irrigated grasslands (the same irrigation management for 150 years), applying the slope-and-flooding system: the Czerskie Meadows. The soil samples were assayed for the content of total organic carbon (TOC) and the particle size distribution. HAs were extracted with the Schnitzer method and analysed for the elemental composition, spectrometric parameters in the UV-VIS (ultraviolet-visible) range, hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties and the infrared spectra. The research results showed that the HAs properties depend on the depth and the distance from the irrigation ditch. The HAs of soils sampled from the depth of 0–10 cm were identified with a lower “degree of maturity” as compared with the HAs of soils sampled from the depth of 20–30 cm, reflected by the values of atomic ratios (H/C, O/C, O/H), absorbance coefficients, and the FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared) spectra. The mean values of the H/C ratio in the HAs molecules of soils sampled from the depth of 20–30 cm were lower by 8.2% than those from the depth of 0–10 cm. The mean values of the absorbance coefficient A4/6 in the HAs molecules of soils sampled from the depth of 20–30 cm were lower by 9.6% than in the HAs molecules of soils sampled from the depth of 0–10 cm. The HAs molecules of the soils sampled 25 m from the irrigation ditch were identified with a higher degree of humification, as compared with the HAs of the soils sampled 5 m from the irrigation ditch. The results identified that humic acids produced in the many-year irrigated sandy soils were identified with a high degree of humification, which proves the relative stability of the soil’s organic matter. It confirms the importance of meadow soils for the carbon sequestration process. It should also be emphasized that the research area is interesting, although hardly described in terms of organic matter properties. Further and more detailed applicable research is planned, e.g., monitoring of total organic carbon content and comparing the properties of irrigated and non-irrigated meadow soils. Continuity of research is necessary to assess the direction of the soil organic matter transformation in such a unique ecosystem. The obtained results may allow for the development of, inter alia, models of agricultural practices that increase carbon sequestration in soils. In the long term, this will allow for greater environmental benefits and, thus, also increased financial benefits.

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“…Gypsum addition significantly ameliorates the Ca 2+ and reduces the Al 3+ toxicity, while no effect has been reported on soil pH [ 16 ]. Mushroom residue is characterized by a low toxic content while having a higher content of organic matter [ 17 ]. Nevertheless, mushroom residue has also been reported to improve the soil structure, with a significant effect on improving the soil pH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Fungal Diversity, Community Composition, and Functions to Nutrients Management in Red Soil

Muneer

Huang

Hou

et al. 2021

JoF

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Soil fungi play a critical role in plant performance and soil nutrient cycling. However, the understanding of soil fungal community composition and functions in response to different nutrients management practices in red soils remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the responses of soil fungal communities and functions under conventional farmer fertilization practice (FFP) and different nutrient management practices, i.e., optimization of NPK fertilizer (O) with soil conditioner (O + C), with lime and mushroom residue (O + L + M), and with lime and magnesium fertilizer (O + L + Mg). Illumina high-throughput sequencing was used for fungal identification, while the functional groups were inferred with FUNGuild. Nutrient management practices significantly raised the soil pH to 4.79–5.31 compared with FFP (3.69), and soil pH had the most significant effect (0.989 ***) on fungal communities. Predominant phyla, including Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mortierellomycota were identified in all treatments and accounted for 94% of all fungal communities. The alpha diversity indices significantly increased under nutrients management practices compared with FFP. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed the keystone fungal species in the red soil, i.e., Ascomycota (54.04%), Basidiomycota (7.58%), Rozellomycota (4.55%), and Chytridiomycota (4.04%). FUNGuild showed that the relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and ectomycorrhizal fungi was higher, while pathogenic fungi were lower under nutrient management practices compared with FFP. Our findings have important implications for the understanding of improvement of acidic soils that could significantly improve the soil fungal diversity and functioning in acidic soils.

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Organic Matter Properties of Spent Button Mushroom Substrate in the Context of Soil Organic Matter Reproduction

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Mycobiome Composition and Diversity under the Long-Term Application of Spent Mushroom Substrate and Chicken Manure

Mycobiome Composition and Diversity under the Long-Term Application of Spent Mushroom Substrate and Chicken Manure

Properties of Humic Acids in Meadow Soils Irrigated with the Slope-and-Flooding System

Response of Fungal Diversity, Community Composition, and Functions to Nutrients Management in Red Soil

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