Organic Microporous Nanofillers with Unique Alcohol Affinity for Superior Ethanol Recovery toward Sustainable Biofuels

Cheng, Xi Quan; Konstas, Kristina; Doherty, Cara M.; Wood, Colin D.; Mulet, Xavier; Xie, Zongli; Ng, Derrick Wing Kwan; Hill, Matthew R.; Lau, Cher Hon; Shao, Lu

doi:10.1002/cssc.201700362

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Advantageously, this hyper-cross-linked polymer (HCP) can be readily made in bulk at low cost. Further investigations from our group and Cooper et al revealed that these systems can also exhibit control over physical aging in many scenarios. ,− With similar chemical structure to PAF-1, p-DCX showed a similar function toward CO 2 /N 2 selective aging after incorporation into PTMSP . Once again, the benefits of including this additive are not limited to gas separation; p-DCX also improved the performance of liquid separations such as Organic Solvent Nanofiltration (OSN) and pervaporation. , The progress through these discoveries, potential applications, underlying mechanism, and somewhat unconventional characterization techniques deployed to study these systems are reviewed in the forthcoming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Physical Aging in Super-Glassy Polymer Mixed Matrix Membranes

et al. 2020

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Conspectus Since the discovery of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) in 2004, the fast size-selective interconnected pore cavities of the polymers have caused the upper bound of membrane performance to be revised, twice. Simultaneously, porous materials have meant that mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) are now a relatively simple method of enhancing transport properties. While there are now reliable routes with mixed matrices to improve the fundamental transport properties of membrane materials, many of the other properties crucial for separation applications remain largely unaddressed. Physical aging severely affects membrane performance over time, especially for those prepared from high fractional free volume polymers. Gradual densification of the glassy polymer chains causes the connected pore channels present in these materials to constrict. Studies now suggest that aging of superglassy polymer materials is a two-step process; a rapid densification occurs within the first few days, followed by a gradual rearrangement of packed chains over longer time frames toward a theoretical equilibrium state. Although advantageous in terms of size selectivity, the considerable drop in permeation over the days and weeks after manufacture greatly impacts material applicability. While often still permeating faster than traditional membrane materials, the continuous gradual collapse of cavities in these polymers are a significant challenge in the application of high free volume polymer membranes. In 2014, we discovered that the porous aromatic framework PAF-1 not only greatly improved the membrane’s void space and speed of gas transport but also seemingly froze several glassy polymers in a low-density state, holding the polymer’s pore channels open, a process termed as Porosity Induced Side chain Adsorption (PISA). This discovery of PISA fundamentally challenged the conventional wisdom at the time that the aging rate could only be addressed by densification of the polymer. Unlike other high-performance glassy polymers, membranes containing PAF-1 can retain their high permeability for more than a year. Several other examples of antiaging behavior have been subsequently reported by the team, where control of aging rate as a function of gas penetrant, selectivity increases, and stability at higher pressures was reported. These works also demonstrate that these mixed matrix systems had applicability for several other separations, including pervaporation, solvent nanofiltration, and as separators for energy applications. In our subsequent studies, the antiaging mechanism has been elucidated as an effect of the interaction between the polymer’s accessible pendant methyl group and the aromatic pore surface of PAF-1 or other antiaging additives. In otherwise identical MMMs, where this hypothesized methyl−π interaction is either absent or interrupted, we find that the antiaging behavior expected by the fixation of the polymer chains to the pore surface and PAF-1 does not occur. As a design approach for mixed matrix membranes, targ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Physical Aging in Super-Glassy Polymer Mixed Matrix Membranes

et al. 2020

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“…The intrinsic pores of these materials facilitate easier solvent transport while hindering the movement of polymer chains in mixed matrix membranes. This overcomes the physical aging in super glassy polymer membranes fabricated from PTMSP, PMP and PIMs [199][200][201][202]. This new class of nanoporous materials have garnered significant interest, particularly in membrane separation and purification applications.…”

Section: Other Promising Emerging Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of such polymers include PDMS, PTMSP and PMP. The main issues hampering the deployment of PDMS, PTMSP and PMP as UMS membranes are their high hydrophobicity and swelling or dissolution in non-polar solvents [196][197][198][199][200][201][202]. The incorporation of porous nanoparticles may enhance solvent permeance and limit the swelling of such materials, thus, promoting the possibility of the application of these materials in UMS membrane fabrication [84,[196][197][198][199][200][201][202][203].…”

Section: Polymeric Materials For Ums Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Porous nanoparticles also provide an efficient way to tailor pore size and shape to achieve a narrow pore size distribution that enhances permeability and selectivity [84]. Porous materials with high surface area ratios such as metal organic frameworks (MOFs) [233][234][235][236][237][238], covalent organic frameworks (COFs) [61,[239][240][241][242], conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) [243,244] and porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) [199][200][201][202]245,246] also demonstrated great potential in the manufacturing of UMS membranes. These materials have an exceptionally high porosity, high specific surface area, uniform but tunable pore size and well-defined molecular adsorption site properties.…”

Section: Other Promising Emerging Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards sustainable ultrafast molecular-separation membranes: From conventional polymers to emerging materials

Cheng

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2018

Progress in Materials Science

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276

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Ultrafast molecular separation (UMS) membranes are highly selective towards active organic molecules such as antibiotics, amino acids and proteins that are 0.5-5 nm wide while lacking a phase transition and requiring a low energy input to achieve high speed separation. These advantages are the keys for deploying UMS membranes in a plethora of industries, including petrochemical, food, pharmaceutical, and water treatment industries, especially for dilute system separations. Most recently, advanced nanotechnology and cutting-edge nanomaterials have been combined with membrane separation technologies to generate tremendous potential for accelerating the development of UMS membranes. It is therefore critical to update the broader scientific community on the important advances in this exciting, interdisciplinary field. This review emphasizes the unique separation capabilities of UMS membranes, theories underpinning UMS membranes, traditional polymeric materials and nanomaterials emerging on the horizon for advanced UMS membrane fabrication and technical

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“…This system is highly advantageous to improve the viscosity of the membrane casting suspension, leading to the increase in shear stress to break down particle aggregations which makes the particles more likely to be surrounded individually by polymer chains, thus increasing the maximum practicable particle loadings which results in an increase in selectivity [19]. Other polymer matrices reported include PTMSP [55,90,151,153], PEBA [103,247], PMPS [97], PIM [20], etc. A list of literature performance of various polymer-based MMMs for ethanol recovery from water is assembled in Table 5.…”

Section: Mixed Matrix Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membranes for bioethanol production by pervaporation

Peng

Lan

Liang

et al. 2021

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background Bioethanol as a renewable energy resource plays an important role in alleviating energy crisis and environmental protection. Pervaporation has achieved increasing attention because of its potential to be a useful way to separate ethanol from the biomass fermentation process. Results This overview of ethanol separation via pervaporation primarily concentrates on transport mechanisms, fabrication methods, and membrane materials. The research and development of polymeric, inorganic, and mixed matrix membranes are reviewed from the perspective of membrane materials as well as modification methods. The recovery performance of the existing pervaporation membranes for ethanol solutions is compared, and the approaches to further improve the pervaporation performance are also discussed. Conclusions Overall, exploring the possibility and limitation of the separation performance of PV membranes for ethanol extraction is a long-standing topic. Collectively, the quest is to break the trade-off between membrane permeability and selectivity. Based on the facilitated transport mechanism, further exploration of ethanol-selective membranes may focus on constructing a well-designed microstructure, providing active sites for facilitating the fast transport of ethanol molecules, hence achieving both high selectivity and permeability simultaneously. Finally, it is expected that more and more successful research could be realized into commercial products and this separation process will be deployed in industrial practices in the near future. Graphical abstract

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Organic Microporous Nanofillers with Unique Alcohol Affinity for Superior Ethanol Recovery toward Sustainable Biofuels

Cited by 27 publications

References 49 publications

Control of Physical Aging in Super-Glassy Polymer Mixed Matrix Membranes

Control of Physical Aging in Super-Glassy Polymer Mixed Matrix Membranes

Towards sustainable ultrafast molecular-separation membranes: From conventional polymers to emerging materials

Membranes for bioethanol production by pervaporation

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