Organic Mulches Increase Growth of Young Pecan Trees

Foshee, Wheeler G.; Goff, William D.; Tilt, Ken M.; Williams, Jessica; Bannon, J.S.; Witt, James Bradford

doi:10.21273/hortsci.31.5.811

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Even without incorporation into the soil, use of organic mulch at planting increased the trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) in young 'Desirable' pecan trees. After 3 years, TCSA was 31 cm 2 in untreated trees versus 39 cm 2 in trees with 10 cm of mulch applied to the soil surface (Foshee et al, 1996). In another study, incorporation of pecan pruning wood chips into the soil improved soil tilth and aggregation and increased volumetric water content 20 d after irrigation (Tahboub et al, 2008) while not affecting nitrogen, phosphorus, or potassium availability (Tahboub et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 98%

Manure and Soil Zinc Application to ‘Wichita’ Pecan Trees Growing Under Alkaline Conditions

Núñez-Moreno

Walworth²,

Pond

2009

horts

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The effect of cattle manure or combined manure and zinc (Zn) application on Zn uptake, mineral composition, and yield and nut quality in pecan trees [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] was evaluated. In 2006, treatments evaluated were: manure (12 ton/ha; M), manure plus Zn (12 ton/ha plus 129 kg Zn/ha as ZnSO4; MZ), and an untreated control. During 2007, two more treatments were added with doubled manure and Zn rates. New treatments were manure 2× (24 ton/ha; M2) and manure 2× plus Zn 2× (24 ton/ha plus 258 kg Zn as ZnSO4; M2Z2). Manure was broadcast on the soil in a 2.5-m wide band 2 m from the trunk. Zinc sulfate was broadcast over the manure, and then manure and Zn were disked into the top 10 cm of soil. In 2008, in five of nine sampling dates, significant treatment effects were detected on leaf Zn concentrations. On all of the dates, M2Z2 had the highest foliar Zn levels. During the Summer 2008 (17 July) foliar Zn in M2Z2, treatment reached 66 μg·g−1; the control treatment level was 45 μg·g−1. Nut yields were higher in treatments receiving manure, with or without Zn in the first year, and highest in the untreated control the second year. No differences were observed in trunk growth, leaf area, leaf weight, or nut growth. Kernel percentages were over 61.4 in the 3 years of study in all treatments. Largest differences among treatments in nut size were found in 2007; nut weight in the control treatment was 7.5 g per nut and in M was 8.0 g per nut. Nut weight was smaller during 2008 when nut yield was high, and the untreated control nuts were smaller than those from treated trees. The manure and manure plus Zn treatments increased foliar Zn levels in pecan trees after 3 years of annual applications. In 2008, significant differences in leaflet Zn concentration among treatments were detected with M2Z2 having the highest concentrations.

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confidence: 98%

Manure and Soil Zinc Application to ‘Wichita’ Pecan Trees Growing Under Alkaline Conditions

Núñez-Moreno

Walworth²,

Pond

2009

horts

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“…Other disposal methods of pecan pruning wood such as mulching, composting, and the use of pecan wood as firewood are not economically feasible. The use of pecan wood chips as mulch around young, nonproducing pecan trees has been practiced and proven beneficial (Foshee et al, 1996(Foshee et al, , 1999Smith et al, 2000). Nevertheless, mulching wood chips around productive trees interferes with field operations and especially harvesting (Foshee et al, 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The use of pecan wood chips as mulch around young, nonproducing pecan trees has been practiced and proven beneficial (Foshee et al, 1996(Foshee et al, , 1999Smith et al, 2000). Nevertheless, mulching wood chips around productive trees interferes with field operations and especially harvesting (Foshee et al, 1996). Composting the wood would require even more input by producers for a product that has low economic value.…”

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Nutrient Availability in Soil Amended with Pecan Wood Chips

Tahboub¹,

Lindemann²,

Murray³

2007

HORTS

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Pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] pruning wood is usually burned, a practice that creates serious environmental concerns. Chipping and soil incorporation of prunings may be an alternative disposal method if nutrient immobilization is not a problem. Our objective was to determine if incorporation of pecan wood chips into soil would affect the availability of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). Pecan wood chips were incorporated into a silty clay soil at rates of 0, 4484, 8968, 13,452, and 17,936 kg·ha−1 in May or June 2002, 2003, and 2004. Some plots received N (ammonium sulfate) at a rate of 0, 15.2, 30.5, 45.7, and 61.0 kg·ha−1 to adjust the C:N ratio of trimmings to 30:1. Wood chip incorporation did not significantly decrease inorganic N regardless of application rate or number of applications. When ammonium sulfate was added to balance the C:N ratio, soil inorganic N increased with the rate of wood chip application, also indicating that N immobilization did not occur. Soil-available P and K were not significantly affected after one, two, or three wood chip applications. Soil-available K increased when ammonium sulfate was added to balance the C:N ratio. Soil incorporation of pecan wood chips does not appear to immobilize N, P, or K, thus providing growers with an environmentally viable means of wood disposal.

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“…Shredded and chipped wood mulches are sometimes used for weed suppression in the production of perennial fruit crops (Foshee et al, 1996;Smith et al, 2000) especially in organic farming. They are also popular in urban landscapes and are occasionally used in vegetable crop production (Duryea, 2000;Guertal and Edwards, 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Allelopathic Potential of Wood Chips for Weed Suppression in Horticultural Production Systems

Rathinasabapathi¹,

Ferguson²,

Gal³

2005

HortSci

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Shredded and chipped wood mulches are used for weed suppression in perennial fruit crops, in urban landscapes, and occasionally in vegetable crops. Wood chip mulches with weed-suppressing allelochemicals may be more effective for weed control, especially under sustainable and organic production systems, than mulches without such properties. The objective of this study was to test for the presence of water-soluble allelochemicals in wood chips derived from tree species, often found in wood resource recovery operations in the southeastern US. Presence of allelochemicals in water eluates of woodchips and leaves was evaluated in a lettuce bioassay. Eluates of wood chips from red maple (Acer rubrum L.), swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii Nutt.), red cedar (Juniperus silicicola L.H. Bailey), neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.), and magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora L.) highly inhibited germinating lettuce seeds, as assessed by inhibition of hypocotyl and radicle growth. The effects of wood chip eluates from these five species were more than that found for eluates from wood chips of black walnut (Juglans nigra L.,) a species previously identified to have weed-suppressing allelochemicals. Tests on red cedar, red maple, and neem showed that water-soluble allelochemicals were present not only in the wood but also in the leaves. In greenhouse trials, red cedar wood chip mulch significantly inhibited the growth of florida beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum DC.), compared to the gravel-mulched and no-mulch controls.

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Organic Mulches Increase Growth of Young Pecan Trees

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Manure and Soil Zinc Application to ‘Wichita’ Pecan Trees Growing Under Alkaline Conditions

Manure and Soil Zinc Application to ‘Wichita’ Pecan Trees Growing Under Alkaline Conditions

Nutrient Availability in Soil Amended with Pecan Wood Chips

Evaluation of Allelopathic Potential of Wood Chips for Weed Suppression in Horticultural Production Systems

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