Organic Multilayer White Light Emitting Diodes

Strukelj, Marko; Jordan, Rebecca H.; Dodabalapur, Ananth

doi:10.1021/ja953302n

Cited by 169 publications

(91 citation statements)

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“…So far, a variety of strategies have been worked out to realize polymer-based whitelight-emitting diodes. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Most of these devices reported are based on polymer-blend or small-molecule-doped polymer systems. But these devices have great disadvantages, for example, it is difficult to control the doping level of the longwavelength light-emitting materials and, thus, to obtain balanced white-light emission.…”

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High‐Efficiency White‐Light‐Emitting Devices from a Single Polymer by Mixing Singlet and Triplet Emission

et al. 2006

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Efficient and almost pure white‐light emission is obtained by combining singlet and triplet emission in a single‐polymer device. The polymers used in this work include a benzothiadiazole group attached to a fluorene backbone and an iridium complex attached to the side chain (see figure). White‐light emission with CIE color coordinates of (0.32, 0.44) and a luminance efficiency of 6.1 cd A–1 is obtained.

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High‐Efficiency White‐Light‐Emitting Devices from a Single Polymer by Mixing Singlet and Triplet Emission

et al. 2006

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“…Type I devices made from poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) with tris(2,5-bis-2¢-(9¢,9¢-dihexylfluorene) pyridine)iridium(III), Ir(HFP) 3 Figure 1 shows the electroluminescence (EL) spectra obtained from devices made from pure PFO, PFO-F (1 %) and Ir(HFP) 3 doped into PFO (at a concentration of Ir(HFP) 3 / PFO = 1 wt.-%). The strong green emission from ªblue-lightemittingº PFO results from fluorenone defects generated during device fabrication/operation.…”

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“…[14] The red-light emission with maximum at 600 nm and a shoulder at 620 nm is the Ir(HFP) 3 triplet emission. [15,16] For type I devices, dilute concentrations of Ir(HFP) 3 were added into PFO. The ratio of Ir(HFP) 3 /PFO is less than or equal to 10 ±3 wt.-%; i.e., beyond the critical concentration of PtOEP (platinum octaethylporphyrin) doped into PFO by Tessler et al [17] and less than the lowest doping concentration (0.01 wt.-%) used in our earlier work with PVK as the host.…”

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“…The ratio of Ir(HFP) 3 /PFO is less than or equal to 10 ±3 wt.-%; i.e., beyond the critical concentration of PtOEP (platinum octaethylporphyrin) doped into PFO by Tessler et al [17] and less than the lowest doping concentration (0.01 wt.-%) used in our earlier work with PVK as the host. [18] White light is generated from two components, PFO and Ir(HFP) 3 ; both blue and green from PFO [13] and red from Ir(HFP) 3 . For type II devices, PFO-F (1 %) was added into the PFO/ Ir(HFP) 3 blends to fine tune the color distribution.…”

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White Electrophosphorescence from Semiconducting Polymer Blends

Gong¹,

et al. 2004

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at pH 9.0, 64 %. Similarly, 0.1 M UMP increases the size of a typical polymer film at pH 7.0 by 28 %, but at pH 11.0 by 140 %. Solely pH-dependent macroscopic changes have been described earlier with natural polymers such as chitosan [6] and gelatin derivatives, [7] and they are due to repulsions of charged loci within and between the polymer chains.[8] The significantly increased macroscopic dimension change by effector uptake at higher pH observed here can be understood by the presence of a less tight polymer network in the more deprotonated state, which, due to its higher flexibility, can better accommodate the added guest compounds. The observed cooperativity creates new possibilities for designing macroscopic supramolecular systems, which can be fine-tuned to respond only to a given combination of different effector compounds at distinct concentrations. Such systems can be of interest for actuators including artificial muscles, vessels, or implants, for self-regulating valves in process control, for sensors, and other related applications. Possible applications for drug release or uptake can take advantage of the necessary presence of a certain combination of effectors. The new self-controlled logic gates could directly communicate with the outside world like a natural organ. Obviously, supramolecular chemistry within suitably functionalized polymers extends significantly over that possible with traditional host± guest complexes in solution, as evidenced by the observed strong cooperativity based on relatively simple binding units. It should be emphasized that the sensitivity of such systems can be greatly enhanced by changes in volume and capacity of the polymer particles, and that manifold known recognition sites can be incorporated into such intelligent materials.

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“…Through these research efforts, many achievements have been made. Satisfactory white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are always constructed on a multilayer device structure with two (green blue/orange red or blue/yellow) to three (red, green, and blue) light-emitting components [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Among these color components of WOLEDs, many blue, most of yellow, and nearly all orange to red dye suffer from a common problem, namely the concentration quenching of fluorescence in solid state.…”

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confidence: 99%

High-efficiency fluorescent organic light-emitting device with double emissive materials

Yang¹,

Wu²,

Wu³

2016

Proceedings of the 2016 4th International Conference on Sensors, Mechatronics and Automation (ICSMA 2016)

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Abstract.A fluorescent non-doped white organic light-emitting device (WOLED) with double emissive layers was fabricated. The yellow and blue dyes, 4-(dicyanomethylene) -2-t-butyle-6-(1, 1, 7, 7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl)-4H-pyran (DCJTB) and 9, 10-di (2-naphthyl) anthracene (ADN), can be realized by blending complementary colors. The maximum current efficiency and power efficiency of the WOLED are 7.61cd/A at 9V and 2.1l m/W at 8V, with the maximum brightness of 15840 cd/m2 at 12V. The Commission International deL'Ećlairage coordinates change slightly from (0.5154, 0.4754) to (0.4602, 0.4427), as the applied voltage increases from 4V to 12V. The high efficiencies can be attributed to the decrease concentration quenching of fluorescence dye.

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Organic Multilayer White Light Emitting Diodes

Cited by 169 publications

References 4 publications

High‐Efficiency White‐Light‐Emitting Devices from a Single Polymer by Mixing Singlet and Triplet Emission

High‐Efficiency White‐Light‐Emitting Devices from a Single Polymer by Mixing Singlet and Triplet Emission

White Electrophosphorescence from Semiconducting Polymer Blends

High-efficiency fluorescent organic light-emitting device with double emissive materials

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