Organic-rich shale caprock properties of potential CO2 storage sites in the northern North Sea, offshore Norway

Rahman, Md Jamilur; Fawad, Manzar; Mondol, Nazmul Haque

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104665

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The Random Forest (RF) method, which showed a correlation nearly as good as Neural Network (NN) has been selected for this study. Moreover, the precedent for using RF for top seal assessment can be viewed in another related study on Draupne and Heather caprock shale evaluation (Rahman et al, 2020). E versus PR cross-plot is used to evaluate the ductility of the Drake caprock shales, where the background template is adapted from Perez and Marfurt (2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reliability of subsurface CO 2 storage depends on caprock integrity and fault sealing potential (Chiaramonte et al, 2015;Park et al, 2020;Rahman et al, 2021Rahman et al, , 2020Rutqvist et al, 2007;Skurtveit et al, 2018). Therefore, caprock characterization is crucial for any CCS project injecting CO 2 into the saline aquifers or depleted hydrocarbon fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The paleodepositional conditions of the Drake Formation shales are affected by the structurally influenced sub-basins; hence various properties (Faerseth, 1996;Steel and Ryseth, 1990;Steel, 1993). In addition to the variations of depositional conditions, mineralogical changes, and diagenetic history (e.g., mechanical versus chemical compaction), exhumation of the study area (Baig et al, 2019;Rahman et al, 2020) are also influenced the Drake Formation shale caprock properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Top seal assessment of Drake Formation shales for CO2 storage in the Horda Platform area, offshore Norway

Rahman

Fawad

Jahren

et al. 2022

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Top seal assessment of Drake Formation shales for CO2 storage in the Horda Platform area, offshore Norway

Rahman

Fawad

Jahren

et al. 2022

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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“…The well is within the Alpha structure of the Smeaheia fault block (Figure 1). The Smeaheia structure is evaluated as a potential location for CO 2 storage (Gassnova, 2016) with many recent studies focusing on the structural, reservoir, and caprock characterization of the area (e.g., Dupuy et al, 2018;Mulrooney et al, 2020;Rahman et al, 2020;Fawad et al, 2021;Wu et al, 2021). Published work also studied the interplay between CO 2 storage and pressure development in connection with the production of the nearby Troll oil and gas field and possible CO 2 migration pathways towards the eastern structural boundaries of the Smeaheia fault block (e.g., Erichsen et al, 2012;Kaufmann and Gasda, 2018;Lothe et al, 2018;Nazarin et al, 2018).…”

Section: Geology Reservoir and Caprock Characteristics Along Well 32/...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening, Monitoring, and Remediation of Legacy Wells to Improve Reservoir Integrity for Large-Scale CO2 Storage—An Example From the Smeaheia Structure in the Northern North Sea

et al. 2022

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Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is an inevitable action to achieve CO2 emission reduction targets including becoming net-zero by 2050. Increased efforts are therefore required to identify suitable locations for large-scale CO2 storage. In addition to large aquifers, shut down oil and gas fields in the North Sea are logical candidates for offshore large-scale CO2 storage because of their proven storage capacity, reliable caprock integrity, established infrastructure, and public acceptance. However, in some cases, old and legacy wells are subject to high uncertainties in their integrity, and they can compromise CO2 containment in such reservoirs. On the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS), such wells are numerous even outside of oil and gas production areas, i.e., legacy wells affecting aquifers. Therefore, there is a clear need for reliable and cost-effective technologies for well integrity evaluation and remediation. This paper discusses a workflow for screening, monitoring, and remediation of legacy wells. In a first stage, the screening of the Horda Platform areas suggested the need for integrity investigation for the exploration well 32/4-1 T2, drilled into the Alpha structure of the Smeaheia fault block if CO2 is stored in the structure. Our initial well screening of drilling documentation indicates that the well is not suitable to be reused for CO2 injection and geophysical monitoring is recommended. In a second stage, a numerical representation of the well architecture is built including realistic geological setting. We evaluate the sensitivity of non-invasive low-frequency electromagnetic monitoring to corrosion levels in the casing. Numerical end-member simulations of assuming casing corrosion of different degrees by changing material conductivity are performed. Results comparing different corrosion scenarios with a base case (no corrosion) give an above noise signal at receiver locations enabling to separate the different cases. Comparison of the gained electrical fields at seafloor suggests that well casing corrosion monitoring should be possible. Finally, the electrochemical deposition potential of the Sognefjord Formation water is analyzed, revealing depositional potential for portlandite, which might be useful for cement remediation. We recommend such an analysis for all legacy wells penetrating candidate reservoirs for future CO2 or hydrogen storage.

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“…In the ongoing large-scale CCS demonstration project in Norway, several potential storage reservoirs have been chosen in the vicinity of the Troll gas field. Draupne Shale is the caprock in this area [78]. The specimen used herein originates from well 16/8-3S within the Ling Depression located in the central North Sea [32,[37][38][39].…”

Section: Draupne Shalementioning

confidence: 99%

On the Effect of CO2 on Seismic and Ultrasonic Properties: A Novel Shale Experiment

et al. 2021

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Carbon capture and storage (CCS) by geological sequestration comprises a permeable formation (reservoir) for CO2 storage topped by an impermeable formation (caprock). Time-lapse (4D) seismic is used to map CO2 movement in the subsurface: CO2 migration into the caprock might change its properties and thus impact its integrity. Simultaneous forced-oscillation and pulse-transmission measurements are combined to quantify Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio as well as P- and S-wave velocity changes in the absence and in the presence of CO2 at constant seismic and ultrasonic frequencies. This combination is the laboratory proxy to 4D seismic because rock properties are monitored over time. It also improves the understanding of frequency-dependent (dispersive) properties needed for comparing in-situ and laboratory measurements. To verify our method, Draupne Shale is monitored during three consecutive fluid exposure phases. This shale appears to be resilient to CO2 exposure as its integrity is neither compromised by notable Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio nor P- and S-wave velocity changes. No significant changes in Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio seismic dispersion are observed. This absence of notable changes in rock properties is attributed to Draupne being a calcite-poor shale resilient to acidic CO2-bearing brine that may be a suitable candidate for CCS.

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Organic-rich shale caprock properties of potential CO2 storage sites in the northern North Sea, offshore Norway

Cited by 33 publications

References 29 publications

Top seal assessment of Drake Formation shales for CO2 storage in the Horda Platform area, offshore Norway

Top seal assessment of Drake Formation shales for CO2 storage in the Horda Platform area, offshore Norway

Screening, Monitoring, and Remediation of Legacy Wells to Improve Reservoir Integrity for Large-Scale CO2 Storage—An Example From the Smeaheia Structure in the Northern North Sea

On the Effect of CO2 on Seismic and Ultrasonic Properties: A Novel Shale Experiment

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