Organic solvent free PbI2 recycling from perovskite solar cells using hot water

Pernicious effects and management of lead leakage from perovskite solar cells

“…Organic solvents are usually used in the process of cycling lead from perovskite-type devices, which makes it costly and less eco-friendly. Schmidt et al 148 demonstrated a facile recycling approach for PbI 2 in which only hot water was employed to extract lead from the perovskite mixer (Fig. 14d).…”

Remanufacturing of perovskite solar cells

“…15 Schmidt et al propose an alternative method, free of organic solvents, using hot water for the extraction of lead. 60 By taking advantage of the PbI 2 increased solubility in hot water, a lead extraction efficiency of 91 ± 3% was achieved. PbI 2 is recovered at ambient temperature, while the remaining components obtained from the device dissolution remain soluble and do not interfere as contaminants in the precipitation process.…”

“…The recovery efficiency was 92.6% for one cycle and 100% for two cycles with a final PbI 2 purity of 95.9%. 60 Wang et al reported a novel one-step recovery of all the device elements using a bleacher solution composed of methylamine and a non-polar solvent (THF). 61 This approach facilitated the retrieval of the substrate and ETL, FTO/SnO 2, and the gold contacts as solid precipitates.…”

A Direct Chemical Approach to Mitigate Environment Lead Contamination in Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Moreover, many of the current solutions emphasize lead capture but pay inadequate attention to subsequent challenges posed by secondary lead contamination. This necessitates an evolved conversation around not just prevention but also lead recycling and complete management [34][35][36].…”