Organic transistors with low operating voltage and high mobility

Dimitrakopoulos, Christos; Purushothaman, S.; Kymissis, John; Callegari, A.; Neumayer, Deborah A.; Duncombe, P. R.; Laibowitz, R. B.; Shaw, Jeff M.

doi:10.1109/drc.1999.806343

Cited by 91 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…We studied the gate voltage dependence of mobility in pentacene devices, and used our understanding to demonstrate high performance pentacene TFTs exhibiting mobility up to 0.4 cm 2 V ±1 s ±1 at low operating voltages (~5 V). [39,71] An example of the dependence of mobility on V G is shown in Figure 7, which shows plots of mobility and j I D j p vs. V G for the device in Figure 4. The mobility is continuously calculated in the saturation regime for various maximum values of V G .…”

Section: Vacuum Deposited Organic Semiconductor Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Thin Film Transistors for Large Area Electronics

Dimitrakopoulos¹,

2002

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Organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs) have lived to see great improvements in recent years. This review presents new insight into conduction mechanisms and performance characteristics, as well as opportunities for modeling properties of OTFTs. The shifted focus in research from novel chemical structures to fabrication technologies that optimize morphology and structural order is underscored by chapters on vacuum‐deposited and solution‐processed organic semiconducting films. Finally, progress in the growing field of the n‐type OTFTs is discussed in ample detail. The Figure, showing a pentacene film edge on SiO2, illustrates the morphology issue.

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Section: Vacuum Deposited Organic Semiconductor Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Thin Film Transistors for Large Area Electronics

Dimitrakopoulos¹,

2002

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“…[1][2][3] The charge carrier mobility in P thin films is governed by structural defects, the density of grain boundaries, 4,5 and the purity of the material. It was found that 6,13-pentacenequinone ͑C 22 H 12 O 2 ͒ is a main impurity in commercially available P and can reduce the charge carrier mobility in P single crystals.…”

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confidence: 99%

Impact of low 6,13-pentacenequinone concentration on pentacene thin film growth

Salzmann

Duhm

Opitz

et al. 2007

Applied Physics Letters

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Thin films of pentacene ͑P͒ have been vacuum codeposited on SiO 2 with low concentrations of 6,13-pentacenequinone ͑PQ͒ in order to investigate the impact on the pentacene thin film structure. Within a range of 2%-20% PQ concentration no intercalation of the compounds can be observed by means of x-ray diffraction and infrared absorption spectroscopy. The crystalline quality of the P films stays unchanged by the presence of PQ, whereas P bulk phase contributions are being suppressed at PQ concentrations ജ5%, which could be confirmed by means of atomic force microscopy. From the results the authors suggest phase-separated PQ growth as well as PQ nucleation at P grain boundaries. © 2007 American Institute of Physics. ͓DOI: 10.1063/1.2767972͔ Thin films of conjugated organic molecules such as pentacene ͑P͒ ͑C 22 H 14 ͒ have been widely investigated during the last years due to the applicability in organic field effect transistors ͑OFETs͒.1-3 The charge carrier mobility in P thin films is governed by structural defects, the density of grain boundaries, 4,5 and the purity of the material. It was found that 6,13-pentacenequinone ͑C 22 H 12 O 2 ͒ is a main impurity in commercially available P and can reduce the charge carrier mobility in P single crystals. 6 In addition, it was suggested that PQ can form deep traps of 0.2-0.75 eV for electrons within a P matrix, depending on the mutual molecular orientation. 7,8 In a recent study it was shown that P and PQ exhibit pronounced phase separation if codeposited in a molar ratio of 1:1. 9 However, up to now no attention has been directed to possible structural changes of P thin films due to the presence of low concentrations of PQ during P thin film growth. We address this issue by controlled vacuum codeposition of P and PQ.Pentacene ͑Fluka, purum grade 99.9%͒ and 6,13-pentacenequinone ͑Sigma-Aldrich Co., purity 99%͒ were used without further purification. Films of nominally 30 nm thickness were obtained by vacuum codeposition ͑base pressure of 3 ϫ 10 −7 mbar, 1 nm/ min total deposition rate͒ from resistively heated ceramic crucibles. The nominal film thickness was measured in situ by a quartz microbalance. Substrates were ͑100͒ p-doped silicon wafers ͑Siegert Consulting, prime grade͒ with a thermally grown oxide layer of 50 nm, cut into 10ϫ 10 mm coupons. The root mean square roughness of the substrates was determined to 0.2 nm by atomic force microscopy ͑AFM͒ ͑all AFM investigations were done on Veeco Nanoscope III in TappingMode®͒; the substrates were used as received; the cleanliness was confirmed prior to organic film deposition by AFM investigations. X-ray diffraction ͑XRD͒ measurements were performed at the beamline W1.1 at the synchrotron radiation source HASYLAB ͑Hamburg, Germany͒; the wavelength was set to = 0.11808 nm. The upper limit of instrumental broadening of this setup was estimated by the 2⌰ width of the ͑111͒ reflection of a Ag͑111͒ single crystal ͑0.0382± 0.0003͒°. Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy measurements ͑FTIR͒ ͑resolution of 2.0 cm...

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“…Organic semiconductors are very attractive for electronic and optoelectronic applications, such as light-emitting devices [1][2][3], lasers [4,5], field-effect transistors [6][7][8], solar cells [9][10][11], or photodetectors [12,13]. These materials are compatible with flexible substrates and the ease of processing could result in low-cost fabrication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Phenomena in High Mobility Organic Semiconductors

Schön¹

2001

phys. stat. sol. (b)

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Field-effect devices on the basis of high-quality molecular single crystals have been used to study charge transport properties of two-dimensional electron and hole systems in organic semiconductor materials. The improvement of crystalline quality and purity leads to the observation of a variety of new phenomena in these materials, such as the quantum Hall effect, ballistic charge transport, or superconductivity, which are summarized in this article.

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Organic transistors with low operating voltage and high mobility

Cited by 91 publications

References 6 publications

Organic Thin Film Transistors for Large Area Electronics

Organic Thin Film Transistors for Large Area Electronics

Impact of low 6,13-pentacenequinone concentration on pentacene thin film growth

New Phenomena in High Mobility Organic Semiconductors

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