“…12) -Adrenal surgery [134,[160][161][162] for adrenocortical [163][164][165][166] and adrenomedullary diseases [167] and surgery for paragangliomas [168] (Fig. 13), -Surgery for neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract [169] and pancreas [134,[170][171][172][173][174][175][176], including liver metastasis [177][178][179] -Technical advancements in endocrine surgery, such as intraoperative neuromonitoring during thyroid surgery [180,181] and minimal invasive surgery for adrenal [182][183][184], parathyroid [185][186][187][188], thyroid [189], and pancreatic lesions [190] In summary, during the 60-year period between World War II and 2004, Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery matured from a largely national German surgical journal, Fig. 13 Surgical removal of a neck paraganglioma (from Linder, 1953) [168] Fig.…”