Organization and Structure of Chloroplast Genes

Whitfeld, and P R; Bottomley, W.

doi:10.1146/annurev.pp.34.060183.001431

Cited by 275 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…rRNA genes in chloroplast genomes are transcribed as a single unit (Whitfield and Bottomley 1983); in Chlorella the 23 S rRNA gene is coded on the opposite strand in the reverse order (Yamada and Shimaji 1986). In Codium cpDNA, the large separation between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes and the presence of at least a portion of the rps12 gene in this region (Fig.…”

Section: Physical Structure and Gene Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual characteristics of Codium fragile chloroplast DNA revealed by physical and gene mapping

et al. 1989

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Summary.A complete physical map of the Codium fragile chloroplast genome was constructed and the locations of a number of chloroplast genes were determined. Several features of this circular genome are unusual. At 89 kb in size, it is the smallest chloroplast genome known. Unlike most chloroplast genomes it lacks any large repeat elements. The 8 kb spacer region between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes is the largest such spacer characterized to date in chloroplast DNA. This spacer region is also unusual in that it contains the rps12 gene or at least a portion thereof. Three regions polymorphic for size are present in the Codium chloroplast genome. The psbA and psbC genes map closely to one of these regions, another region is in the spacer between the 16 S and 23 S rRNA genes and the third is very close to or possibly within the 16S rRNA gene.The gene order in the Codium genome bears no marked resemblance to either the "consensus" vascular plant order or to that of any green algal or bryophyte genome.

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Section: Physical Structure and Gene Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual characteristics of Codium fragile chloroplast DNA revealed by physical and gene mapping

et al. 1989

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“…Therefore, the 16S-23S rRNA spacer region was calculated to be of at least 4.8 kbp. This size is about twice as large as that reported for higher plants (1). Sequence of the 16S-23S Spacer Region.…”

Section: B C Nucleic Acids Researchmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…2 kbp) than that of prokaryotic genomic rrn operons (ca. 500-600 bp) (1). This is attributable mainly to, as demonstrated in maize (2) and tobacco (3), the presence of large introns (ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Figure 5 shows the sequence and clover leaf structure that can be deduced for the tRNAIle based on the (1). The Chlorella chloroplast 16S-23S rRNA spacer region, on the other hand, lacks the other tRNA gene, namely the gene for tRNAAla that has been known to be located within this region from most higher plants except in the case of spinach (20).…”

Section: Pg-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two questions arise here; (1) by what mechanism this reversion occurred and (2) from which promoter this gene is transcribed. Palmer pointed out that inversions observed in several higher plant cpDNAs have one endpoint just downstream from the gene for atpA (27).…”

Section: Open Reading Framesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peculiar feature of the organization of rRNA genes of theChlorellachloroplast DNA

Yamada

Shimaji

1986

Nucl Acids Res

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The organization of a cloned rRNA gene cluster from Chlorella ellipsoidea chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) has been analyzed. Southern hybridization experiments with labelled chloroplast rRNAs as probes revealed an extraordinarily large size of the 16S-23S rRNA spacer region, ca. 4.8 kbp, almost twice as large as those of most higher plants. The nucleotide sequence determined on this region has shown that: (1) The tRNAIle gene locating in this region is similar to those of higher plant chloroplasts, blue-green algae and E. coli but does not contain any introns in contrast to higher plant chloroplasts.

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Biparental Inheritance of Organelles and its Implications in Crop Improvement

Smith¹

1989

Plant Breeding Reviews

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Organization and Structure of Chloroplast Genes

Cited by 275 publications

References 87 publications

Unusual characteristics of Codium fragile chloroplast DNA revealed by physical and gene mapping

Unusual characteristics of Codium fragile chloroplast DNA revealed by physical and gene mapping

Peculiar feature of the organization of rRNA genes of theChlorellachloroplast DNA

Biparental Inheritance of Organelles and its Implications in Crop Improvement

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