“…In small organizations, where resources are often limited, and the need for rapid adaptation is very high, irregularities in HR systems can be more severe than in large organizations with more resources to cover the shortfall (Arseneault & Gagnon, 2024;Deng et al, 2024;Miao et al, 2023;Roundy & Burke-Smalley, 2022a). These limitations often make small organizations less able to invest in a robust HR infrastructure, exacerbating the situation (Baltrunaite et al, 2023;Salazar-Adams & Ramirez-Figueroa, 2024). A chaotic HR system can lead to ineffective division of the scope of work, where members may need clarification about their roles or even be burdened with tasks that are not their responsibility (Flamand et al, 2024;Montero Guerra et al, 2023;Ubah & Ibrahim, 2021).…”