Organization of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid genes in various wild-type strains and wild-collected strains of Neurospora

Russell, Peter; Wagner, Sheryl; Rodland, Karin D.; Feinbaum, Rhonda; Russell, Jennifer; Bret-Harte, Marion S.; Free, Stephen J.; Metzenberg, Robert L.

doi:10.1007/bf00328060

Cited by 86 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Equal quantities of this DNA were probed with DNA representing nuclear DNA, mtDNA, or plasmid DNA (Fig. 6), as follows: (i) cloned nuclear rDNA (pMF2) from N. crassa (18), (ii) cloned mitochondrial large rDNA containing fragment Pst3 from Podospora anserina (29), or (iii) pFOXC2 DNA (pCK1). The DNA from isolated mito- chondria contained sequences with extensive homology to mtDNA and pCK1, and this homology was not reduced by DNase treatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear plasmidlike DNA in the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans

Kistler¹,

Leong²

1986

J Bacteriol

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Double-stranded, 1.9-kilobase-pair (kbp) DNA molecules were found in 18 strains representing three pathogenic races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans. The DNA element (pFOXCl) from a race 1 strain and the DNA element (pFOXC2) from a race 2 strain were shown by restriction endonuclease mapping to be linear. pFOXC2 was found in mitochondrial preparations and appears to have blocked 5' termini, as it was sensitive to 3' --5' exonuclease HI but insensitive to 5' -) 3' A exonuclease. The major 1.8-kbp BgII restriction endonuclease fragment of pFOXC2 was cloned in plasmid pUC12. The recombinant plasmid (pCKl) was not homologous to the mitochondrial or nuclear genomes from F. oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans. This suggests that pFOXC2 is self-replicating. pCKl was homologous to all l.9-kbp DNA elements of race 2 but was not homologous to those of race 1 or race 5. All race 1 and 5 elements were also shown to share common DNA sequences.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear plasmidlike DNA in the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans

Kistler¹,

Leong²

1986

J Bacteriol

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“…The weak molecular hybridization intensity of RDN1 form II and HIS4 probes from S. cerevisiae to DNA from Zygosaccharomyces fermentati reveal the relative large genetic distance between S. cerevisiae and Z. fermentati. That molecular hybridization was possible is probably due to both the redundancy of RDN1 genes (54) and the conservation of coding sequences in the RDN1 and HIS4 genes throughout the Fungi (33,52,60). Large genetic differentiation among the species in the genus Saccharomyces had already been uncovered by WINGE and LAUSTSEN, when they had great difficulties in producing viable offspring from the hybrid between S. cerevisiae and S. vatidus (now S. uvarum) (63).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA sequence polymorphisms in the genus saccharomyces III. Restriction endonuclease fragment patterns of chromosomal regions in brewing and other yeast strains

Pedersen

1986

Carlsberg Res. Commun.

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30 bottom fermenting strains, 13 hybrid lager strains, 11 top fermenting strains. In addition, 24 other yeast species and strains have been analysed in this study. Four DNA regions have been monitored by restriction endonuclease fragment pattern polymorphisms. The regions analysed are: RDN1 (encoding cytosolic ribosomal RNA molecules) located on chromosome XII in S. cerevisiae, HIS4 (histidine 4) and LEU2 (leucine 2) both located on chromosome III and the Ty elements which are distributed at different positions in the genome ofS. cerevisiae. Seven Ty fragment patterns have been detected in the bottom fermenting strains. Patterns I, II, IIa, lib, and llc are present in lager strains while pattern III and IV are found in S. carlsbergensis bottom fermenting strain No. I and in S. monacensis, respectively. Hybridization of the Tyl p14 probe from S. cerevisiae to OFAGE separated chromosomes from bottom fermenting strains show that at least five Ty elements are present in the genomes of the lager strains, at least five in S. carlsbergensis bottom fermenting strain No. I and at least three in S. monacensis. From the restriction fragment patterns and the karyotypes of the bottom fermenting strains it is suggested that these strains are closely related and different from the S. bayanus, S. pastorianus, and S. uvarum group as well as from the S. cerevisiae strains. In spite of their differences in Ty element patterns the lager strains are so homogenous that most likely they all originate from a single strain which is related to S. carlsbergensis and S. monacensis type strains. In contrast to the bottom fermenting strains there is a large variability among the top fermenting strains, especially with regard to the LEU2 gene and Ty elements. It seems that S. bayanus, S. inusitatus, S. pastorianus, S. validus, and S. uvarum are closely related, and none of the studied strains from these taxons contained DNA which hybridized to the Tyl probe from S. cerevisiae. This is a clear difference from the DNA of bottom fermenting strains which consistently hybridized strongly to the Tyl probe.Abbreviations: kb = kilo base pairs; OFAGE = orthogonal field alternation gel electrophoresis; SSC = 0.15 M-NaCI, 15 mM-Na citrate; TBE = 0.089 M-Tris-borate, 0.089 M-boric acid, 0.002 M-EDTA; Tris = tris-(hydroxymethyl)-amino methane Springer-Verlag

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“…The genome of N. crassa is estimated to be 27,000 kbp in complexity (1). The genes (rDNA) encoding ribosomal RNAs are thought to account for most of the 8% of the genome that is repetitive DNA (31,32). Assuming an average insert size of 40 kbp for the cosmid inserts, the chance of any given sequence of the N. crassa genome being contained in the library is calculated to be at the 99% confidence level (33).…”

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Efficient cloning of genes of Neurospora crassa

Vollmer

Yanofsky

1986

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

466

249

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We have constructed a genomic library of Neurospora crassa DNA in a cosmid vector that contains the dominant selectable marker for benomyl resistance. The library is arranged to permit the rapid cloning of Neurospora genes by either sib-selection or colony-hybridization protocols. Detailed procedures for the uses of the library are described. By use of these procedures, a modest number of unrelated genes have been isolated. The cloning of trp-3, the structural gene for the multifunctional enzyme tryptophan synthetase (tryptophan synthase, EC 4.2.1.20), is reported in detail; its identity was verified by restriction fragment length polymorphism mapping. The strategies described in this paper should be of use in the cloning of any gene of Neurospora, as well as genes of other lower eukaryotes.The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa has been an extremely useful organism for studying basic genetic mechanisms, biochemical pathways, and cellular physiology. N. crassa possesses a number of features that should also make it an excellent subject for molecular studies of fundamental eukaryotic processes. These include a small haploid genome [27,000 kilobase pairs (kbp); ref. 1], a wealth of genetic and cytogenetic information (reviewed in ref.2), extensive knowledge of its metabolism and nutrition, and the emergence of useful systems for genetic transformation (3-6). Despite the attractive features borne by N. crassa, progress in molecular investigations of its biology have been hindered by the lack of a rapid general method for isolating specific genes of interest. A variety of approaches for the isolation of genes from N. crassa have been used successfully, though each has serious limitations that prevent its general utility. These methods include complementation of Escherichia coli mutants to select genes for metabolic functions (examples in refs. 7-10), hybrid selections (11,12), and screening of genomic libraries with synthetic DNA probes (13). Recovery of plasmid sequences from N. crassa transformants would seem to be the most desirable approach toward the isolation of a given gene. Transformation of N. crassa, however, generally results in nonhomologous (often multiple) integration of transforming sequences (refs. 3, 6, and 14-16; unpublished results). The recovery of freely replicating plasmids from N. crassa is currently neither faithful nor frequent enough to make this a practical strategy for use in gene cloning (17)(18)(19)(20).Recently, Akins and Lambowitz (6) described a sibselection procedure that takes advantage of some improvements in the procedure for genetic transformation of N. crassa. In this approach, a gene is isolated by successive rounds of transformation of a strain of N. crassa, using pools of plasmid DNAs which are progressively reduced in complexity until a single candidate clone is identified. This strategy obviates the need to recover transforming DNA from a transformant. In this paper, we describe the construction of a genomic DNA library for N. crassa that brings together three fu...

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Organization of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid genes in various wild-type strains and wild-collected strains of Neurospora

Cited by 86 publications

References 18 publications

Linear plasmidlike DNA in the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans

Linear plasmidlike DNA in the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans

DNA sequence polymorphisms in the genus saccharomyces III. Restriction endonuclease fragment patterns of chromosomal regions in brewing and other yeast strains

Efficient cloning of genes of Neurospora crassa

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