Organization of the sympathetic innervation supplying the hairless skin of the cat's paw

Jänig, Wilfrid; Kümmel, H.

doi:10.1016/0165-1838(81)90064-3

Cited by 51 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In particular, the rate of discharge of the sudomotor nerve is proportional to the SCR rate, and the amplitude of each SCR is linearly related to the amplitude of the sudomotor burst (Nishiyama et al, 2001). More in details, skin districts linked to electrodermal response are innervated by postganglionic sudomotor neurons located in ganglia of the lateral sympathetic chains (Jänig and Kümmel, 1981). This neurons are influenced by spinal sudomotor neurons in the spinal cord (Cabot, 1990), which are under excitatory or inhibitory input from reticular system in the brain stem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mind-body relationships in elite apnea divers during breath holding: a study of autonomic responses to acute hypoxemia

Laurino

Menicucci

Mastorci³

et al. 2012

Front. Neuroeng.

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The mental control of ventilation with all associated phenomena, from relaxation to modulation of emotions, from cardiovascular to metabolic adaptations, constitutes a psychophysiological condition characterizing voluntary breath-holding (BH). BH induces several autonomic responses, involving both autonomic cardiovascular and cutaneous pathways, whose characterization is the main aim of this study. Electrocardiogram and skin conductance (SC) recordings were collected from 14 elite divers during three conditions: free breathing (FB), normoxic phase of BH (NPBH) and hypoxic phase of BH (HPBH). Thus, we compared a set of features describing signal dynamics between the three experimental conditions: from heart rate variability (HRV) features (in time and frequency-domains and by using nonlinear methods) to rate and shape of spontaneous SC responses (SCRs). The main result of the study rises by applying a Factor Analysis to the subset of features significantly changed in the two BH phases. Indeed, the Factor Analysis allowed to uncover the structure of latent factors which modeled the autonomic response: a factor describing the autonomic balance (AB), one the information increase rate (IIR), and a latter the central nervous system driver (CNSD). The BH did not disrupt the FB factorial structure, and only few features moved among factors. Factor Analysis indicates that during BH (1) only the SC described the emotional output, (2) the sympathetic tone on heart did not change, (3) the dynamics of interbeats intervals showed an increase of long-range correlation that anticipates the HPBH, followed by a drop to a random behavior. In conclusion, data show that the autonomic control on heart rate and SC are differentially modulated during BH, which could be related to a more pronounced effect on emotional control induced by the mental training to BH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mind-body relationships in elite apnea divers during breath holding: a study of autonomic responses to acute hypoxemia

Laurino

Menicucci

Mastorci³

et al. 2012

Front. Neuroeng.

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“…Human data were obtained in association with the cognitive electrophysiology and neuroimaging techniques, in normal, psychopathological and braindamaged subjects. Skin regions allowing easy electrodermal recordings are directly innervated by postganglionic sudomotor neurones, located in ganglia of the lateral sympathetic chains (Jänig and Kümmel, 1981). These neurons are under the direct influence of spinal sudomotor neurons, located in the intermediolateral nucleus of the spinal cord (Cabot, 1990) which are under permanent excitatory and inhibitory impulses from supraspinal centers, corresponding mainly to the classical reticular formation of the brain stem (Roy et al, 1974).…”

Section: Electrodermal Activity: a Window On The Arousal Dimension Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical autonomic correlates of emotion

Sequeira

Hot

Silvert

et al. 2009

International Journal of Psychophysiology

243

159

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“…Moreover, important functional differences between the two sympathetic fibers exist: while vasoconstrictor neurons are tonically active and under inhibitory control, sudomotor neurons receive mainly excitatory input from the spinal cord [10]. Following acute transection, vasoconstrictor activity may be absent -similar to motor function after spinal cord injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of surgical sympathetic block at the T2 and T4 level on vasoconstrictor function

Krüger

Fronek

Schmelz

et al. 2003

Clinical Autonomic Research

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Endoscopic sympathetic block (ESB) is used as a treatment of excessive palmar sweating. In a prospective study we compared the effect of ESB at the level of the second (T2) and fourth thoracic ganglion (T4) on vasoconstriction and sweating of the hands. Sympathetic vasoconstriction was measured by computerassisted infrared thermography following ice water immersion of the hands in 22 hyperhidrosis patients before, two days and 3 months post op. In addition, palmar sweating before and 3 months post op was assessed by sudometry. After ESB the rewarming was accelerated in both T2 and T4 patients, but was significantly slower in the T4 group. Three months postoperatively rewarming had returned to the preoperative pattern in T4 patients but was still significantly faster in the T2 group. These effects were more pronounced in the fingertips than the hand dorsum. Sudomotor function was blocked in all T2 patients but had relapsed in 2 patients in the T4 group. Two T4 patients had not shown an effect on sudomotor function postoperatively. The normalization of rewarming kinetics may be explained by remaining fibers, denervation hypersensitivity or stimulation of catecholamine receptors, or neuronal reorganization. The effect of ESB T4 on sudomotor function has to be proven.

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Organization of the sympathetic innervation supplying the hairless skin of the cat's paw

Cited by 51 publications

References 13 publications

Mind-body relationships in elite apnea divers during breath holding: a study of autonomic responses to acute hypoxemia

Mind-body relationships in elite apnea divers during breath holding: a study of autonomic responses to acute hypoxemia

Electrical autonomic correlates of emotion

Differential effects of surgical sympathetic block at the T2 and T4 level on vasoconstrictor function

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