Organizational Injustice and Police Misconduct: Predicting Organizational Defiance Among Police Officers

Reynolds, Paul D.; Helfers, Richard C.

doi:10.21202/1993-047x.13.2019.3.1412-1429

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Thus, organizational justice has evolved from a three-to a four-dimensional framework, although interactional justice is the least studied among the initial core dimensions. While the framework's effectiveness in understanding police misconduct has generally been accepted, especially among scholars of distributive and procedural justice (e.g., Reynolds & Helfers, 2019;Wolfe & Piquero, 2011), this paper extends the narrative primarily on distributive justice due to its focus on outcomes. Adams (1963) and Leventhal (1976) are credited with shaping what is described as distributive justice.…”

Section: Theory Of Organizational Justicementioning

confidence: 97%

Perception or Reality: An Examination of Police Misconduct, Organizational Justice, and Promotion Opportunities in the NYPD

Carroll

2022

The American Review of Public Administration

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Scholars across multiple disciplines have identified numerous correlates to police misconduct. Missing, however, from this body of research is the impact of police misconduct on future promotion opportunities in a local police department. Using population data ( N = 33,358) released by New York city’s Civilian Complaint Review Board (CCRB) from September 1985 to July 2020, this study employs logistic regression to examine civilian complaints that were found to be substantiated, in comparison to complaints that were found to be unsubstantiated or exonerated, and their effect on police officers moving up in rank beyond the incident. The intent is to examine the relationship between police misconduct and promotion. In addition, recognizing the inherent differences in the promotion process for detectives from all other officer ranks, we found that the odds of detectives being promoted to higher ranks are somewhat impacted by the outcomes of complaints, but not by the types of complaints received. However, our findings suggest that all other officers are impacted by the outcomes of civilian complaints, in addition to the types of complaints received, in terms of promotion. Furthermore, we found that the severity of police misconduct, captured by the CCRB-recommended disciplinary actions associated with substantiated complaints, matters for NYPD officer promotability for first-time offenders differently than for officers who repeatedly engage in misconduct.

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Section: Theory Of Organizational Justicementioning

confidence: 97%

Perception or Reality: An Examination of Police Misconduct, Organizational Justice, and Promotion Opportunities in the NYPD

Carroll

2022

The American Review of Public Administration

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“…This area of research related to police use of force and police use of procedural justice has addressed officer satisfaction with their jobs and duties as law enforcement officers. This is relevant to how police officers perform their duties during police-citizen encounters (PEW Research Center, 2017;Van Craen, 2016;Van Craen & Skogan, 2017;Reynolds & Helfers, 2019;Sun et al, 2018).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bandura (1977), Van Craen (2016), and Chapelle and Piquero (2004 suggested that social learning theory explains how individuals learn through socialization with those that influence them the most. In the case of law enforcement officers, peers and supervisors influence officers in learning to behave in performing their operationalized duties (Reynolds & Helfers, 2019). Law enforcement superiors set the standard for practicing procedural justice in the training, encouraging the practice of procedural justice in the field.…”

Section: Theoretical Foundationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research supports the notion that positive socialization can be achieved through positive social bonds and prosocial learning where fairness and equality are practiced internally, fostering fairness and equality in police-citizen encounters. Positive Socialization is affected by organizational justice and its three elements: distributive justice, interactional justice, and procedural justice (Wolfe et al, 2018;Reynolds & Helfers, 2019). Research demonstrated that California law enforcement officers and agencies were experiencing positive socialization, which promoted positive behavior in practicing procedural justice.…”

Section: Theoretical Foundationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An exploratory study on the practice of procedural justice and use of force in police-citizen encounters

University-Fullerton

2024

Journal of Qualitative Criminal Justice &Amp; Criminology

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The current research focuses on California law enforcement officers' opinions, beliefs, and lived experiences in using the four principles of procedural justice in the context of the use of force. Criminal justice professionals posit that procedural justice is a theory promoting improved police-community relations through legitimate policing and trust. The four principles of procedural justice are: (a) treating people with dignity and respect, (b) giving citizens a "voice" during police-citizen encounters, (c) neutrality and transparency, ABSTRACT Procedural justice is a philosophy and theory demonstrating that the practice of its four principles improves police-community relations. This means that citizens view law enforcement as a legitimate entity of government. Much controversy has stemmed from alleged unlawful killings of suspects in the past decade. These incidents question whether law enforcement acted legitimately. Since then, scholars have researched training in using the four principles of procedural justice. They have also researched the use of procedural justice in police-citizen encounters. The current research study addresses law enforcement officers' perspectives on the use of force and the use of the four principles of procedural justice. The research focuses on the following question: What are law enforcement officers' opinions, thoughts, and experiences on using force and procedural justice in police-citizen encounters? The current study uses a thematic analysis of officers' interviews to answer questions about the four principles of procedural justice and using force. Data on the use of force and the four principles of procedural justice was collected from a literature review on procedural justice, law enforcement officer interviews, departmental training curriculum, and policies and procedures. The thematic analysis focuses on law enforcement officers' perspectives on using procedural justice in the context of the use of force.

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“…That is, employees, conceive fairness from the organizational work environment and respond based on such judgements. This suggests that behavioural patterns are shaped by the perception of fairness in the workplace and not by the individual's personality and characteristics (Reynolds and Helfers 2019). The police, like other organizations, are not immune from these work-related behaviours by employees.…”

Section: Organizational Theory Of Police Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Police, Extrajudicial Killings and Imperatives for Reforms in the Nigerian Fourth Republic

Akinyetun

Adedini

2022

DHS

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Extrajudicial killings attributed to personnel of the Nigerian Police in the conduct of their constitutional duties and responsibilities have become prevalent in recent times. They have been accused of human rights violations, torture, brutality, and unlawful killings of varying proportions. This palpable, yet injurious trend has become a strain on effective policing and security in Nigeria. This paper examines the role of the Nigeria Police Force in extrajudicial killings in the course of discharging their duties since the return to civilian rule in 1999 and how Police reforms can help increase police accountability. The paper was anchored on the organizational theory of police behavior and adopts a qualitative approach by reviewing the literature on extrajudicial killings by the Nigerian police as available in peer-reviewed journal articles, government reports, media reports, newspapers, and international agencies reports. The findings show that the Nigerian Police have been largely complicit in extrajudicial killings. It also shows that organizational deficits such as corruption, lack of investigative infrastructure, lack of human rights training, poor working conditions, poor internal control, and the often-abused Order 237 are major factors that enhance the perpetuation of the incidence of extrajudicial killings by the Police. The study concluded that without a sincere approach toward reforming the Police, extrajudicial killings might become a dominant narrative. Therefore, the paper recommends that a comprehensive security reform of the Nigerian Police should be carried out in conjunction with the private sector and Civil Society Organizations in Nigeria.

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Organizational Injustice and Police Misconduct: Predicting Organizational Defiance Among Police Officers

Cited by 6 publications

References 62 publications

Perception or Reality: An Examination of Police Misconduct, Organizational Justice, and Promotion Opportunities in the NYPD

Perception or Reality: An Examination of Police Misconduct, Organizational Justice, and Promotion Opportunities in the NYPD

An exploratory study on the practice of procedural justice and use of force in police-citizen encounters

The Police, Extrajudicial Killings and Imperatives for Reforms in the Nigerian Fourth Republic

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