Organizational Psychology and poverty reduction: where supply meets demand

Carr, Stuart C.; MacLachlan, Malcolm; Reichman, Walter; Klobas, Jane; Berry, Mary O’Neill; Furnham, Adrian

doi:10.1002/job.548

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Differences in self‐assessed ability might also have been influenced by cultural attribution biases, including self‐servingness vs. humility (Furnham, 2003). Self‐servingness can lead to over‐inflation of own ability while local norms of humility keep self‐attributions modest—unless some comparable others are manifestly underperforming (Carr, 2003, p. 208/9). Our finding that locally remunerated workers rated internationally remunerated workers down, not up, is noteworthy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In poverty reduction, key contexts include health, education, and industry (Sinha & Holtzman, 1984). A common denominator across those settings is work, specifically people working across cultures in organizations (Global Task Force, Carr et al, 2008). Much of that work is collaborative ''capacity development,'' which is supposed to entail the mutual transfer of learning via local-expatriate relations (Manning, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

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International–local remuneration differences across six countries: Do they undermine poverty reduction work?

et al. 2010

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Despite the rhetoric of a single global economy, professionals in poorer countries continue to be remunerated differently depending on whether they are compensated at a local vs. international rate. Project ADDUP (Are Development Discrepancies Undermining Performance?) surveyed 1290 expatriate and local professionals (response rate = 47%) from aid, education, government, and business sectors in (1) Island Nations (Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands), (2) landlocked economies (Malaŵi, Uganda), and (3) emerging economies (India, China). Difference in pay was estimated using purchasing power parity, from the World Bank's World Development Indicators 2007. Psychological measures included self-reported pay and benefits (remuneration), self-attributed ability, remuneration comparison, sense of justice in remuneration, remuneration-related motivation, thoughts of turnover and thoughts about international mobility. We included control measures of candour, culture shock, cultural values (horizontal/vertical individualism/collectivism), personality (from the "big five"), job satisfaction and work engagement. Controlling for these and country (small effects) and organization effects (medium), (a) pay ratios between international and local workers exceeded what were perceived to be acceptable pay thresholds among respondents remunerated locally; who also reported a combination of a sense of relative (b) injustice and demotivation; which (c) together with job satisfaction/work engagement predicted turnover and international mobility. These findings question the wisdom of dual salary systems in general, expose and challenge a major contradiction between contemporary development policy and practice, and have a range of practical, organizational, and theoretical implications for poverty reduction work.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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International–local remuneration differences across six countries: Do they undermine poverty reduction work?

et al. 2010

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“…While the SMT hypothesis is focused specifically on the intersection of sex and ethnicity, both the MMS and EP hypotheses can apply to the intersection of other stigmatizing characteristics with ethnicity. Calls have been made to investigate employment‐related issues for social class (Ashkanasy, Härtel, & Daus, ) and the need for organizational psychologists to consider poverty in their research (Carr et al, ; Lefkowitz, ). Yet, there has been relatively little consideration to studying applicants' SES in recruitment and selection settings (Magnus & Mick, ).…”

Section: Intersection Of Ethnicity and Socio‐economic Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple categorization in resume screening: Examining effects on hiring discrimination against Arab applicants in field and lab settings

2011

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Summary Debate exists as to what the more appropriate prediction is regarding the effects of multiple stigmatized group memberships on employment discrimination. The ethnic prominence (EP), multiple minority status (MMS), and subordinate male target hypotheses were assessed for the combined effects of ethnic group membership (Arabic), sex, social status, and job type on hiring evaluations. Two correspondence tests in the field (Study 1) and two experimental studies in the lab (Study 2) and in the field (Study 3) were conducted. Studies 1 and 2 showed evidence for the EP hypothesis when low‐status jobs were tested. The odds for rejection were four times higher for Arab than for Dutch applicants. Applicants' sex, socio‐economic status, and external client contact did not moderate findings (Study 1). The effect of applicants' ethnic group membership was further moderated by raters' motivation to control prejudice (Study 2). Study 3 showed evidence for the MMS hypothesis. We found double jeopardy against Arab women who applied for high‐status jobs when recruiters' prejudice was controlled. Study findings show that discrimination in resume screening may depend upon the particular intersection of applicant, job, and recruiter characteristics. We discussed implications for anonymous resume screening and research on evaluation of applicants possessing multiple stigmatizing characteristics. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…While poverty is commonly understood as a lack of economic resources; poverty reduction efforts would be ineffective unless the concept of poverty embedded in the social-cultural political, economic and psychological contexts (Mohanthy and Misra, 2000). In this perspective, Carr et al (2008) argue that a thoughtful articulation of what Organizational Psychology uniquely stands for, and can offer, is therefore needed. Religion meanwhile has been playing decisive role to draw viable decision and strategies (Levin, 1994, Mitchell, 2003Gillard & Paton, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Psychological Factors and Religious Adherence on Household’s Dealing with Poverty-Driven Vulnerability Situation: A Critical Discourse on Kelantan and Terengganu

Senadjki¹,

Sulaiman²,

Mohd³

2012

ASS

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It is documented that in the households' experience of vulnerability to poverty, religious and psychological factors have been inextricably but indirectly linked. These factors, according to researchers' findings, have played a decisive role in enhancing households' coping capacity in an attempt to ease their vulnerabilities. The same factors however could also have adverse effects on household in their vulnerability to poverty as they may weaken people's risk-management and coping strategies. This study will attempt to extend the discussion of this issue by an investigation of psychological and religious impact on households' risk management and coping strategies. In order to understand the dynamics of interrelations between these factors, a study was done in the states of Kelantan and Terengganu in Malaysia. Using a structured socio-economic questionnaire, 302 randomly selected farmers from both the states were tested. The results showed that distress, depression and feeling discouraged dramatically reducing farmers' monthly income. Also the results indicated that the more the religious farmers are the highest their monthly income is. Instead of being motivated when experiencing stressors, farmers behaved negatively. This was confirmed as the results appointed the existence of a significant and negative relationship between farmers' psychological situation and their coping strategies. At the same time religious farmers implemented only fewer strategies. But these strategies found to be effective and efficient as their monthly income is higher compared to those who seldom practice religious commitments.

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Organizational Psychology and poverty reduction: where supply meets demand

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

International–local remuneration differences across six countries: Do they undermine poverty reduction work?

International–local remuneration differences across six countries: Do they undermine poverty reduction work?

Multiple categorization in resume screening: Examining effects on hiring discrimination against Arab applicants in field and lab settings

The Impact of Psychological Factors and Religious Adherence on Household’s Dealing with Poverty-Driven Vulnerability Situation: A Critical Discourse on Kelantan and Terengganu

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