Organobismuth polymers as X-ray contrast materials: synthesis, characterization and properties

Ignatious, Françis; Sein, Arjen; Delaviz, Yadollah; Cabasso, Israel; Smid, Johannes

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(92)91073-b

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Future studies on the contribution of the bismuth atom to the conjugated main chain are required. In addition, application to the X‐ray contrast materials36, 37 as well as the reactive polymers by making use of the reactivity of organobismuth compounds are now under investigation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The synthesis of bismuth‐containing heterocyclopentadiene derivatives, bismole, has been realized29–35; however, the construction of conjugated polymers containing the bismole skeleton in the main chain is not known. In addition, a limited number of studies on the synthesis of bismuth‐containing polymers have been reported to date 36–38. In light of these viewpoints, incorporation of the organobismuth compounds in the conjugated polymer chain is an attractive approach towards the construction of novel conjugated systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First synthesis of the bismole‐containing conjugated polymer

Morisaki

Ohashi

et al. 2006

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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We successfully synthesized the first conjugated polymer containing a bismuth atom in the conjugated main chain by incorporating a bismuth atom into the cyclopentadiene framework (bismole), which was constructed by a polymer reaction. A synthetic procedure and characterization of the obtained polymers were discussed. This bismole‐containing conjugated polymer exhibited moderate bluish green photoluminescence in solution. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 4857–4863, 2006

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First synthesis of the bismole‐containing conjugated polymer

Morisaki

Ohashi

et al. 2006

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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“…Intermolecular hydrogen bonding is con- centration dependent and the absorption frequencies are gradually reduced as the concentration Thus, the co-racemic placements of styrene decreases. 15 In the previous report, 7 it was units on both sides of the large TP unit has the claimed the {NH infrared band is not affected least effect on the gem-dimethyl group. One coby dilution of the monomer.…”

Section: H-mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…New carbamoylphos-EXPERIMENTAL phonate monomers made by the reaction of phosphites with isocyanatoethylmethacrylate (IEM) Materials and a,a-dimethyl-m-isopropenylbenzylisocyanate (m-TMI) have been reported recently from this Diethyl phosphite (98%, Aldrich), styrene (99%, laboratory. 7 Further elaboration, characterizaAldrich), and a,a-dimethyl-m-isopropenylbenzyl tion, and spectra analysis of the monomer, deisocyanate (m-TMI) (American Cyanamid Co.) were distilled before use. The polymerization initiator, 2,2-azobisisobu-Morton Thiokol, Inc.) was purified by recrystalliAn amount of 5.15 g (0.025 mol) of m-TMI was mixed under anhydrous conditions with 4.43 g zation in methanol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of carbamoylphosphonate monomer and its copolymer with styrene. II

Song

Cabasso

1997

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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A monomer, diethyl α,α‐dimethyl‐m‐isopropenylbenzyl carbamoylphosphonate, has been prepared by the base‐catalyzed reaction of the isocyanate m‐TMI (α,α‐dimethyl‐m‐isopropenylbenzylisocyanate) with diethyl phosphite. The structure of the carbamoylphosphonate monomer and its styrene copolymer was confirmed spectroscopically, and the nature of the hydrogen bondings in the NHC(O)P(O)(OR)2 unit in the monomer and copolymer is discussed in detail. A bulk polymerization of the carbamoylphosphonate is very slow and tends to yield a crosslinked product, but a solution polymerization produced the soluble copolymers. The Tg(midpoint) of the homo‐polymer is low, 67°C, and its capacity to complex UO2(NO3)2 is very high, 28 wt % (19 mol %). © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 889–899, 1997

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“…However, only little information is available to date regarding the preparation of polymerizable organobismuth compounds as well as the polymers derived therefrom. 4,5 In 1963, Braun and co-workers reported the first synthesis of bismuth-containing polystyrenes by the reaction of lithiated polystyrenes with chlorodiphenylbismuthane and also by the radical polymerization of diphenyl(4-vinylphenyl)bismuthane 1 (n = 2). 4 The monomer used in the latter reaction was obtained from chlorodiphenylbismuthane and 4-vinylphenylmagnesium bromide.…”

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confidence: 99%