Organochlorine compound residues in human milk in the United Kingdom 1989-1991

Dwarka, S.; Harrison, David J.; Hoodless, R. A.; Lawn, Richard E.; Merson, G. H. J.

doi:10.1177/096032719501400511

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Heptachlor epoxide levels in the present study are similar to or lower than those seen in recent large studies from the Netherlands (15) and Germany (33,34). Dieldrin levels seen here are similar to or lower than those seen in the Netherlands (15), Germany (13), and the United Kingdom (14). Endrin is seen in a minority of samples in this study, which is similar to most other reports (1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The ,B-HCH concentrations seen in this study, with a median of 731 ng/g milk fat, are high compared to those seen in other reports from Europe. Recent large studies, for example, reported 3-HCH concentrations (in nanograms per gram of milk fat) of 64 in 1990 and 56 in 1991 from Germany (13); a median of 60 from the United Kingdom (14); and a median of 80 from the Netherlands (15). Hernandez et al (16) reported a mean of 235 ng/g milk fat; this is among the highest previously reported from Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Organochlorines in breast milk from two cities in Ukraine.

Gladen

Monaghan

Lukyanova

et al. 1999

Environ Health Perspect

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Reports of environmental problems in the former Soviet Union, including excess use of pesticides, have led to concerns about high levels of contamination in humans, but little information is available to assess whether these concerns are warranted. Samples of breast milk from 197 women from two cities in Ukraine were analyzed for p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, endrin, dieldrin, heptachlor epoxide, trans-nonachlor, oxychlordane, hexachlorobenzene, ss-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), and 18 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, and results were compared to previous reports from Europe. The median ss-HCH concentration was 731 ng/g milk fat, which is higher than other reports from Europe but lower than reports from other parts of the world. The median DDE concentration was 2,457 ng/g milk fat, which is higher than most but not all other reports from Europe. Concentrations of other chemicals were comparable to or lower than other reports from Europe. Concentrations from the city of Kyiv were generally lower than those from Dniprodzerzhinsk, but the magnitudes of these differences were modest.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Organochlorines in breast milk from two cities in Ukraine.

Gladen

Monaghan

Lukyanova

et al. 1999

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Therefore burden of these pesticides in mother's body can be indicative of route of these pesticides to the infants. Many investigations in different countries have reported contamination of breast milk with DDT and other organochlorine pesticides (Dwarka et al, 1995;Cok et al, 1997;Schinas et al, 2000;Yang et al, 2002;Yu et al, 2003). Studies carried out in various other states of India like Panjab, Hariyana, Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu showed that the human milk is contaminated with a fairly high amount of Organochlorine pesticide residues like DDT, HCH, aldrin and endosulfan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Milk and Blood of Women from Anupgarh, Rajasthan, India

Kumar

Baroth

Soni

et al. 2006

Environ Monit Assess

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Anupgarh is the most fertile area of Rajasthan state where a variety of seasonal crops are grown. The availability of three manmade canals has enhanced the agricultural activities in this area. The farmers use huge amounts of pesticides to increase the crop productivity. Exposure of humans to these hazardous chemicals occurs directly in the fields and indirectly due to consumption of contaminated diet, or by inhalation or by dermal contact. The organochlorine pesticides are reported to be lipophilic and their presence in human milk and blood has been documented in different parts of the world. Blood and milk samples were collected from lactating women who were divided into four groups on the basis of different living standards viz residence area, dietary habits, working conditions and addiction to tobacco. The level of total organochlorine pesticides in blood ranged from 3.319mg/L-6.253mg/L while in milk samples it ranged from 3.209Mdash;4.608 mg/L. The results are in concurrence with the reports from other countries.

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“…In this study, seven PCB congeners (IUPAC Nos. 28,52,101,118,138,153,and 180) were selected as indicator compounds to monitor occurrence and distribution (Dwarka et al 1995;Schoula et al 1996;Pauwels et al 2000). Concentrations of PCB 52 and PCB 180 in infertile subjects were found higher then fertile subjects ( p < 0.05).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of organochlorine pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyl levels in adipose tissue of infertile men

Çok

Durmaz

et al. 2009

Environ Monit Assess

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During the recent two decades, a remarkable drop in fertility rates has been noticed almost all over the world. A series of studies have showed that environmental factors had the primary role causing the observed adverse trends in the male reproductive health problems. Especially chlorinated hydrocarbons, for instance polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and pesticides, could mimic or antagonize the effects of steroid hormones, like estrogens and androgens and possibly interfering with male reproductive capacity. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) (i.e. p.p'-DDT, endosulfan...) and PCBs are widespread used chemicals in agriculture and industry for different purposes all over the world. Although direct evidence is lacking, theoretical considerations and epidemiological evidence implicate these compounds as potential hazards to human and wildlife reproductive health. For this purpose, in this study adipose tissue samples have provided from healthy males which were diagnosed as infertile men living in Ankara, Turkey at least for 5 years. Residual levels of OCPs (alpha-BHC, beta-BHC, gamma-BHC, HCB, Endosulfan I, II, p,p'-DDE, and p,p'-DDT) and seven major persistent PCB congeners (PCB 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180) were measured in 25 infertile men and 21 healthy men's adipose tissue samples by GC-ECD. Levels of OCPs and PCBs in adipose tissue of infertile men compared with those provided from controls. When the concentrations of each of the OCP were compared between the fertile and infertile groups, no statistical significance was obtained. Concentrations of each of the PCB congeners were compared between the fertile and infertile groups, no statistical significance was obtained (p > 0.05), except for 2,2',5,5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 52) (p = 0.032) and 2,2',3,4,4',5,5'-heptachlorobiphenyl (PCB 180) (p = 0.017).

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Organochlorine compound residues in human milk in the United Kingdom 1989-1991

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Organochlorines in breast milk from two cities in Ukraine.

Organochlorines in breast milk from two cities in Ukraine.

Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Milk and Blood of Women from Anupgarh, Rajasthan, India

Determination of organochlorine pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyl levels in adipose tissue of infertile men

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