Organochlorine pesticide residues in ground water of Thiruvallur district, India

Abstract

Modern agriculture practices reveal an increase in use of pesticides and fertilizers to meet the food demand of increasing population which results in contamination of the environment. In India crop production increased to 100% but the cropping area has increased marginally by 20%. Pesticides have played a major role in achieving the maximum crop production, but maximum usage and accumulation of pesticide residues was highly detrimental to aquatic and other ecosystem. The present study was chosen to know the level of organochlorines contamination in ground water of Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu, India. The samples were highly contaminated with DDT, HCH, endosulfan and their derivatives. Among the HCH derivatives, Gamma HCH residues was found maximum of 9.8 microg/l in Arumbakkam open wells. Concentrations of pp-DDT and op-DDT were 14.3 microg/l and 0.8 microg/l. The maximum residue (15.9 microg/l) of endosulfan sulfate was recorded in Kandigai village bore well. The study showed that the ground water samples were highly contaminated with organochlorine residues.

Occurrence of organochlorine pesticide residues in green mussel (Perna viridis L.) and water from Ennore creek, Chennai, India

“…Though Endosulfan is less soluble in water, the concentrations of Endosulfan and its derivatives were high in the present study. Ground water samples from the nearby villages showed the higher concentration of endosulfan, which was reported earlier by Jayashree and Vasudevan (2007), supports the occurrence of endosulfan in the study area. Accidental spills, spray drift, soil texture, and run-in plays a vital role in endosulfan contamination.…”

Concentrations and potential health hazards of organochlorine pesticides in shallow groundwater of Taihu Lake region, China

“…There is a substantial body of information about OCP residues in agricultural soils (Zhu et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2009), sediments and surface waters of China (Zhang et al, 2002;Zhou et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2007;Liu et al, 2008;Sun et al, 2008;Chen et al, 2011), and there is a large body of literature on OCP residues in groundwater of other countries such as India, USA, and Portugal (Cerejeira et al, 2003;Sankararamakrishnan et al, 2005;Shukla et al, 2006;Gilliom, 2007;Jayashree and Vasudevan, 2007). However, there is little information about OCP residues in the shallow groundwater of China.…”

Occurrence of Insecticide Residues in Selected Crops and Natural Resources

“…This could be attributed to greater canopy cover under brinjal and longer duration of the crop. Jayashree and Vasudevan (2007) indicated that high cover by the paddy canopy could lose greater concentrations of pesticide in soil and pesticide load in the runoff.…”