Organochlorine Pesticides in Honey and Pollen Samples from Managed Colonies of the Honey Bee Apis mellifera Linnaeus and the Stingless Bee Scaptotrigona mexicana Guérin from Southern, Mexico

Ruíz-Toledo, Jovani; Vandame, Rémy; Castro-Chan, Ricardo A.; Penilla-Navarro, Rosa Patricia; Gómez, Jaime; Sánchez, Daniel

doi:10.3390/insects9020054

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…In Mexico, the presence of organochlorine pesticides in honey and pollen samples from colonies of A. mellifera and Scaptotrigona mexicana, a stingless bee species was proved (Ruiz-Toledo et al, 2018). The authors report that for A. mellifera pollen organochlorines were detected in all samples, as for the honey ones a lower, but also outstanding value, was found, i.e., 93.3%.…”

Section: Bee Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 96%

The influence of recent Brazilian policy and legislation on increasing bee mortality

Nunes

Schmitz

Moura

et al. 2021

RSD

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The decline in bee communities in recent years has been a major concern worldwide. The increase in the mortality of these pollinators is related to several factors, the main one being the intensive use of pesticides in agricultural crops. Brazil is the world leader in use of pesticides since 2008 and recent changes in legislation have facilitated the commercialization of certain pesticides whose marketing has been banned in several countries. This review addresses how current Brazilian legislation on agrochemicals has influenced the increase in bee mortality. Under the current federal government, in 2019 and 2020, 474 and 493 new pesticides were registered in the country, respectively, some of them classified as highly toxic to bees. In addition, public policies in Brazil led by certain sectors of agribusiness have also contributed to increase the number of threats and the mortality of bees, making it difficult for the beekeeping sector to act in opposition. Understanding how these policies directly affect pollinator conservation allows decision-making to help mitigate their environmental and economic impacts in Brazil. Otherwise, without effective actions to mitigate the abusive use of pesticides, the numerous studies demonstrating its direct impacts on the bee’s survival will be of no use.

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Section: Bee Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 96%

The influence of recent Brazilian policy and legislation on increasing bee mortality

Nunes

Schmitz

Moura

et al. 2021

RSD

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“…A study by Ruiz-Toledo et al distinguished between the presence of organochlorine pesticides in honey and pollen collected from managed colonies of the honey bee, Apis mellifera L. as well as from colonies of the stingless bee, Scaptotrigona mexicana Guérin. The most prevalent pesticides identified were Heptachlor, HCH, DDT, and DDE (15) . Based on results of LC/MS-MS and GC/MS-MS in combination with modified QuEChERS, Oymen et al quantified 4 pesticide residues (coumaphos, thiamethoxam, N-(2,4-dimethyl phenyl)formamide, piperonyl butoxide) (16) .…”

Section: Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening and Quantitation of Pesticide Residues in Indian Honey Samples by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS

Prasanth¹,

Vincy²,

Brilliant³

2022

IJST

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Objectives: To quantify a broad spectrum of pesticides of various chemical classes such as neonicotinoids, organochlorines, organophosphates, triazoles, carbamates, dicarboximides, and dinitroaniline in honey at ppb level using Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) and Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (GC-MS/MS). Methods: QuECh-ERS based sample preparation followed by the Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) method was developed for quantitation of pesticides in honey. This method was validated as per SANTE/12682/2019 guidelines. Findings: Acceptable values were obtained for matrix-matched linearity, the limit of detection (2 ng/g) and limit of quantification (5 ng/g), and an intraday precision of less than 7%. A recovery of 70-120% was obtained for more than 85% of the compounds. However, there were compounds such as Alanycarb, Propiconazole, Benzoximate, etc. showed recovery values between 60-70%, however, these values were found consistent among multiple batches. Twelve honey samples were analyzed employing the developed method, out of which 8 samples were sourced from apiculture farms located in five districts of Kerala state, India. Rest four samples were commercial honey brands in India. Many of the pesticide residues were identified below the limit of quantitation. Some of the pesticides were quantified above the LOQ levels in samples, however, Propoxur and deltamethrin were the only pesticides found above the maximum residue limit as per the India residue monitoring program to export honey samples to EU countries. Novelty: Studies on the presence of pesticide residues in Kerala honey samples have not yet been published. The proposed method was able to detect an extensive range of pesticides with remarkably high sensitivity, selectivity, and precision.

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“…Pesticides are chemical impurities that can be detected in bee products (especially propolis and pollen) and a lot of them are hazardous. The most common insecticides contaminating bee products include neonicotinoids, organochlorines (e.g., coumaphos and chlorpyrifos), organophosphates, and carbamates [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Honey products and bee colonies can be also contaminated by heavy metals contained in air and soil.…”

Section: Products Of Bee Origin—effect On Human Health Its Various Applications and A Source Of Chemical Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Insecticides and Microbiological Contaminants on Apis mellifera Health

Leska,

Nowak,

Nowak

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Over the past two decades, there has been an alarming decline in the number of honey bee colonies. This phenomenon is called Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD). Bee products play a significant role in human life and have a huge impact on agriculture, therefore bees are an economically important species. Honey has found its healing application in various sectors of human life, as well as other bee products such as royal jelly, propolis, and bee pollen. There are many putative factors of CCD, such as air pollution, GMO, viruses, or predators (such as wasps and hornets). It is, however, believed that pesticides and microorganisms play a huge role in the mass extinction of bee colonies. Insecticides are chemicals that are dangerous to both humans and the environment. They can cause enormous damage to bees’ nervous system and permanently weaken their immune system, making them vulnerable to other factors. Some of the insecticides that negatively affect bees are, for example, neonicotinoids, coumaphos, and chlorpyrifos. Microorganisms can cause various diseases in bees, weakening the health of the colony and often resulting in its extinction. Infection with microorganisms may result in the need to dispose of the entire hive to prevent the spread of pathogens to other hives. Many aspects of the impact of pesticides and microorganisms on bees are still unclear. The need to deepen knowledge in this matter is crucial, bearing in mind how important these animals are for human life.

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Organochlorine Pesticides in Honey and Pollen Samples from Managed Colonies of the Honey Bee Apis mellifera Linnaeus and the Stingless Bee Scaptotrigona mexicana Guérin from Southern, Mexico

Cited by 36 publications

References 98 publications

The influence of recent Brazilian policy and legislation on increasing bee mortality

The influence of recent Brazilian policy and legislation on increasing bee mortality

Screening and Quantitation of Pesticide Residues in Indian Honey Samples by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS

Effects of Insecticides and Microbiological Contaminants on Apis mellifera Health

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