Organometallic tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum complexes as buffer layers and dopants in inverted organic solar cells

Tolkki, Antti; Kaunisto, Kimmo; Heiskanen, Juha P.; Omar, Walaa A. E.; Huttunen, Kirsi; Lehtimäki, Suvi; Hormi, Osmo; Lemmetyinen, Helge

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2012.02.084

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Organometallic materials were another important type of AIM for use in OSCs . Hormi and co‐workers reported thermally evaporated tris‐(8‐hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq 3 ) and its derivatives (Al(5‐morq) 3 ) (Scheme ) as AIMs in OSCs .…”

Section: Small Molecule Anode Interlayermentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Molecule Interlayers in Organic Solar Cells

Zhang

Usman

2018

Advanced Energy Materials

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This review provides an up‐to‐date review about the small molecule interlayers (SMIs) in organic solar cells (OSCs). Compared to polymer interlayers, SMIs exhibit intrinsic advantages such as easy synthesis and purification, monodispersity, well‐defined chemical structure, and high batch‐to‐batch reproducibility. Recently, various SMIs have been reported with landmark efficiencies of over 10% in both conventional and inverted OSCs, exhibiting promising potential in commercial application. In this review, the authors summarize the progress of SMIs from a device fabrication point of view, paying particular attention to the material categories, molecular design, preparation process, and applicable device structure. In addition, the working mechanisms of different SMIs are also discussed, including the structure–property relationships and the corresponding impact on device performance. Finally, a brief outlook is provided that includes opportunities and challenges in this emerging area.

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Section: Small Molecule Anode Interlayermentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Molecule Interlayers in Organic Solar Cells

Zhang

Usman

2018

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…The 8‐hydroxyquinolines (q) of aluminum (Alq 3 ) and zinc (Znq 2 ) have found use as luminescent materials in organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) devices,9 and are suggested as components in organic photovoltaics 10. Hence they represent a highly interesting class of compounds for evolving technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Hybrid Structures by Atomic Layer Deposition – Deposition of Alq₃, Znq₂ and Tiq₄ (q = 8‐hydroxyquinoline)

Nilsen

Haug

Finstad

et al. 2013

Chemical Vapor Deposition

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Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is traditionally used for deposition of inorganic compounds, metals, organic polymers, and hybrid inorganic/organic materials. In all these materials, the structural framework is based on covalent or metallic bonds. The present paper demonstrates the growth of thin films of metal-organic films in which weak Van der Waals forces are important. Thin films of metal quinolines based on 8-hydroxyquinoline (q) and aluminum (Alq 3 ), zinc (Znq 2 ), and titanium (possibly Tiq 4 ) have been deposited using ALD in the temperature range 85-200 8C. The growth rates decrease with increasing temperature from 0.7-0.4 nm per cycle at 85 8C, to zero at 200 8C. The growth dynamics have been investigated using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). It is found that an excess of metal precursor will etch the films. The Alq 3 material is stable towards exposure to water during deposition. The photoluminescent properties of selected metal quinoline films are reported.

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“…Quinolines functionalized with amino substituents are particularly important due to their wide applications especially in medicine and photovoltaics. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Hartwig-Buchwald amination is an efficient reaction for the coupling of amines with aryl halides. [11][12][13][14] The reaction is preferred over other C-N bond-forming methodologies because of the milder reaction conditions and the relatively higher yields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Novel 5-(N-Substituted-Anilino)-8-Hydroxyquinolines via Hartwig-Buchwald Amination Reaction

Omar

Hormi

2015

J Chem Sci

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Three novel 5-(N-substituted-anilino)-8-benzyloxyquinoline derivatives were efficiently synthesized via Hartwig-Buchwald amination reaction. The new 5-(N-substituted-anilino)-8-benzyloxyquinolines were reduced for 1-3 h to give the corresponding 5-(N-substituted-anilino)-8-hydroxyquinolines. Extending the reduction reaction time to7haffordedthecorresponding 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives.

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Organometallic tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum complexes as buffer layers and dopants in inverted organic solar cells

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Small Molecule Interlayers in Organic Solar Cells

Small Molecule Interlayers in Organic Solar Cells

Molecular Hybrid Structures by Atomic Layer Deposition – Deposition of Alq₃, Znq₂ and Tiq₄ (q = 8‐hydroxyquinoline)

Synthesis of Novel 5-(N-Substituted-Anilino)-8-Hydroxyquinolines via Hartwig-Buchwald Amination Reaction

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Organometallic tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum complexes as buffer layers and dopants in inverted organic solar cells

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Small Molecule Interlayers in Organic Solar Cells

Small Molecule Interlayers in Organic Solar Cells

Molecular Hybrid Structures by Atomic Layer Deposition – Deposition of Alq3, Znq2 and Tiq4 (q = 8‐hydroxyquinoline)

Synthesis of Novel 5-(N-Substituted-Anilino)-8-Hydroxyquinolines via Hartwig-Buchwald Amination Reaction

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Molecular Hybrid Structures by Atomic Layer Deposition – Deposition of Alq₃, Znq₂ and Tiq₄ (q = 8‐hydroxyquinoline)