Organophosphate and phthalate esters in standard reference material 2585 organic contaminants in house dust

Bergh, Caroline; Luongo, Giuseppe; Wise, Stephen A.; Östman, Conny

doi:10.1007/s00216-011-5440-2

Cited by 77 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Measurements of TCEP, TCIPP and TDCPP in SRM 2585 were 839 ± 69, 791 ± 55, 2180 ± 62 ng/g, respectively. These values are very similar to reports published by Van den Eede et al (van den Eede et al 2011), and Bergh et al (Bergh et al 2012). …”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 93%

Flame retardant associations between children’s handwipes and house dust

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants (FRs) have been ubiquitously detected at high concentrations in indoor environments; however, with their recent phase-out, more attention is being focused on measurements of exposure to alternative FRs such as organophosphate FRs (OPFRs). In our previous research, we found that PBDE residues measured on children’s handwipes were a strong predictor of serum PBDE levels. Here we build upon this research to examine longitudinal changes in PBDEs in indoor dust and children’s handwipes, and explore the associations between handwipes and dust for alternative FRs. Children from our previous study were re-contacted after approximately two years and new samples of indoor dust and handwipes were collected. PBDE dust-levels were significantly correlated between two different sampling rounds separated by two years; however, PBDE levels in handwipes were not correlated, perhaps suggesting that the sources of PBDEs remained relatively constant in the home, but that behavioral differences in children are changing with age and influencing handwipe levels. OPFRs [i.e. tris (1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCPP), tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP)], 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EH-TBB, also known as TBB), di(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate (BEH-TEBP, also known as TBPH), and 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) were also ubiquitously detected in house dust samples and geometric mean levels were similar to PBDE levels, or higher in the case of the OPFRs. Significant associations between handwipes and house dust were observed for these alternative FRs, particularly for EH-TBB (rs= 0.54; p<0.001). Increasing house dust levels and age were associated with higher levels of FRs in handwipes, and high hand washing frequency (>5 times/day) was associated with lower FR levels in handwipes. Overall these data suggest that exposure to these alternative FRs will be similar to PBDE exposure, and the influence of hand-to-mouth behavior in children’s exposure needs to be further examined to better estimate exposure potential.

show abstract

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 93%

Flame retardant associations between children’s handwipes and house dust

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While individual isomer levels are lower than that of other organophosphate flame retardants, ΣITP and ΣTBPP levels (1098.28 and 762.09 ng/g, respectively) approach and, in some cases, exceed levels that have been reported for TPHP, TCEP, and TCPP previously. 18,19 These concentrations suggest the potential for chronic human exposure to ITP and TBPP isomers via inadvertent dust ingestion and hand-to-mouth contact. In addition, the fact that SRM 2585 was prepared from dust collected in 1993 and 1994 suggests that ITP and TBPP use had been ongoing before PentaBDE was phased out.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Individual Isopropylated and tert-Butylated Triarylphosphate (ITP and TBPP) Isomers in Several Commercial Flame Retardant Mixtures and House Dust Standard Reference Material SRM 2585

Phillips

Hammel

Konstantinov³

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the phase-out of pentaBDE in the early 2000s, replacement flame-retardant mixtures including Firemaster 550 (FM 550), Firemaster 600 (FM 600), and organophosphate aryl ester technical mixtures have been increasingly used to treat polyurethane foam in residential upholstered furniture. These mixtures contain isomers of isopropylated and tert-butylated triarylphosphate esters (ITPs and TBPPs), which have similar or greater neuro- and developmental toxicity compared to BDE 47 in high-throughput assays. Additionally, human exposure to ITPs and TBPPs has been demonstrated to be widespread in several recent studies; however, the relative composition of these mixtures has remained largely uncharacterized. Using available authentic standards, the present study quantified the contribution of individual ITP and TBPP isomers in four commercial flame retardant mixtures: FM 550, FM 600, an ITP mixture, and a TBPP mixture. Findings suggest similarities between FM 550 and the ITP mixture, with 2-isopropylphenyl diphenyl phosphate (2IPPDPP), 2,4-diisopropylphenyl diphenyl phosphate (24DIPPDPP), and bis(2-isopropylphenyl) phenyl phosphate (B2IPPPP) being the most prevalent ITP isomers in both mixtures. FM 600 differed from FM 550 in that it contained TBPP isomers instead of ITP isomers. These analytes were also detected and quantified in a house dust standard reference material, SRM 2585, demonstrating their environmental relevance.

show abstract

“…As mentioned above, the concentrations of PFRs and phthalates in SRM 2585 dust have been determined in a previous study (Bergh et al., ). In the present work, the levels of the two plasticizers DiNP and DiDP have also been determined in this reference material.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional information of the dust and air sampling has been previously described by Bergh et al. (, ,b, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organophosphate and phthalate esters in settled dust from apartment buildings in Stockholm

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the occurrence of nine phthalate diesters (phthalates) and 14 organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) was investigated in 62 house dust samples collected from 19 buildings in Stockholm area during the year 2008. Eight phthalates were detected in almost all samples, with median concentrations ranging from 0.47 μg/g to 449 μg/g with di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate being the most abundant compound. Twelve PFRs were detected with median concentrations ranging from 0.19 μg/g to 11 μg/g. Within this class of compounds, the most abundant were tris(2-chloroisopropyl) and tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate. Both classes of compounds were also measured in the air of the apartments, but no correlation between air and dust concentrations could be found. Based on these measurements, exposure, via house dust ingestion and air inhalation, was calculated for adults and toddlers, and compared to published limit values in order to estimate potential health risks. In an extreme exposure scenario for toddlers, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate, and tributyl phosphate were close to the reference dose for chronic oral exposure or the tolerable daily intake. Standard Reference Material SRM 2585 was used as a quality control sample, and the levels of diisononyl and diisodecyl phthalates were determined in this material.

show abstract

Organophosphate and phthalate esters in standard reference material 2585 organic contaminants in house dust

Cited by 77 publications

References 26 publications

Flame retardant associations between children’s handwipes and house dust

Flame retardant associations between children’s handwipes and house dust

Characterization of Individual Isopropylated and tert-Butylated Triarylphosphate (ITP and TBPP) Isomers in Several Commercial Flame Retardant Mixtures and House Dust Standard Reference Material SRM 2585

Organophosphate and phthalate esters in settled dust from apartment buildings in Stockholm

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About