Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure and Residential Proximity to Nearby Fields

Coronado, Gloria D.; Holte, Sarah; Vigoren, Eric M.; Griffith, William C.; Barr, Dana Boyd; Faustman, Elaine M.; Thompson, Beti

doi:10.1097/jom.0b013e318222f03a

Cited by 104 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Alternatively, overspray or drift may contribute to urinary metabolites in children, whether they live in farmworker or non-farmworker households. Preliminary analyses of our drift data indicate that this is not the case (45)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Variability in the take-home pathway: Farmworkers and non-farmworkers and their children

Thompson

Griffith

Barr

et al. 2014

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Background Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are related to ill health among adults including farmworkers who are exposed to OPs as part of their regular work. Children of both farmworkers and non-farmworkers in agricultural communities may also be affected by pesticide exposure. Methods Study groups of 100 farmworkers with a referent child (aged 2 to 6 years) and 100 non-farmworkers with a referent child were recruited to participate in three data collection periods over the course of a year. At each collection, participants provided three urine samples within 5 days, and homes and vehicles were vacuumed to collect pesticide residues in dust. Results In thinning and harvest seasons, farmworkers and their children had higher dimethyl urinary metabolites than non-farmworkers and their children. During the non-spray season, the urinary metabolites levels decreased among farmworkers to a level comparable to non-farmworkers. Farmworkers consistently had higher pesticide residues in their home and vehicle dust. Conclusions Differences exist between farmworkers and non-farmworkers in urinary metabolites and the differences extended throughout the agricultural seasons. OP metabolites are seen at much higher levels for farmworkers and their children than non-farmworkers and their children during agricultural seasons when OPs are in use. These metabolite levels were significantly higher than the nationwide NHANES IV survey and up to 10 fold higher than other rural agricultural studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Variability in the take-home pathway: Farmworkers and non-farmworkers and their children

Thompson

Griffith

Barr

et al. 2014

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…Still, the monoculture practiced in the world of agribusiness is an important source of distress and illness [1]. Summed to these factors, pesticides exposure is widely known to be a relevant environmental health issue in rural communities with agricultural activity [2][3][4]. In Brazil, a country with enormous amount of rural workers, this problem is of great relevance once it has been the larger consumer of pesticides in the world since 2008; the consumption increased 190% over the last decade, significantly above the average of global increase of 93% [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Beck Depression Inventory Score among Coffee Growers Pesticide Applicators

Conti¹,

Romão²,

Chagas³

et al. 2017

Clinical Psychiatry

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The extensive use of pesticides has been followed by increasing concerns about their potential acute and chronic effects in general and mental health. Brazil is the greatest pesticides consumer in the world since 2008. Several studies describe the association between the pesticides toxicity and psychiatric disorders, especially depression, but efforts are needed to corroborate these studies. The aim was to map the region studied according to the percentage of people that apply pesticides in the tillage from each rural community included in this study and correlate this data with the percentage of workers with high Beck depression score on that community. A total of 122 male pesticide applicators from seven different cities distributed among thirteen different communities completed the Beck Depression Inventory II. According to the mapping of the region, the percentage of rural workers with high beck score in a given community is significantly correlated with the percentage of pesticide use on that place. This data corroborate many findings that suggest relationship between depressive symptoms and the use of pesticides.

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“…[15] The use of PI and SI, particularly among farm boys, for determining the association between pesticide exposure and height and weight, require further development. Previous studies conducted in the USA, have provided evidence that organophosphate levels in urine and house dust increase with proximity to the nearest spraying area on farms within 300 m. [16,17] In our study, the respondents' estimation of proximity for those living on farms, especially for past homes, might have been imprecise. Direct measurement through farm visits, not possible in this study due to a lack of funding, could have improved the estimation of proximity to agricultural spraying for homes located on farms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Relationship between environmental exposure to pesticides and anthropometric outcomes of boys in the rural Western Cape, South Africa

et al. 2013

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Corresponding author: M A Dalvie (aqiel.dalvie@uct.ac.za) Background. Rural residents in the Western Cape (WC), South Africa (SA) are highly exposed to agricultural pesticides that could impact their reproductive development. However, epidemiological evidence of the effect of pesticides on pubertal growth is contradictory. Objective. To investigate the effect of pesticide exposure measured using indices of environmental exposure to pesticides on the pubertal growth of boys in rural WC, SA. Methods. A cross-sectional study of 269 boys (177 of whom gave a history of residing on farms) was conducted. A questionnaire was administered, height and weight were measured and body mass index was calculated. A proximity index (PI) and spraying index (SI) was developed, measuring the lifetime average home distance from pesticide spraying and average frequency of spraying pesticides on a farm, respectively. Results. Median age of boys was 12.4 years (interquartile range 9.5 -13.3). More than 60% boys had height and weight <50th percentile for age. After adjusting for confounders, PI was significantly associated with shorter stature and lower weight (-1.7 cm/10-fold decrease, p=0.02 and -1.24 kg/10-fold decrease, p=0.04; respectively) and SI was non-significantly associated (-1.4 cm/10-fold increase, p=0.05 and -1.1 cm/10-fold increase, p=0.06; respectively). Associations were stronger for boys aged <11 years and were weaker when excluding nonfarm boys. There were no other associations between outcome and exposure. Conclusions. The use of quantitative exposure indices showed that lower heights and weights might be associated with pesticide exposure in farm boys v. non-farm boys, but not among farm boys. Lower anthropometric measurements among farm boys v. non-farm boys appear stronger at a younger age. The indices of environmental exposure to pesticides require further development.

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Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure and Residential Proximity to Nearby Fields

Cited by 104 publications

References 25 publications

Variability in the take-home pathway: Farmworkers and non-farmworkers and their children

Variability in the take-home pathway: Farmworkers and non-farmworkers and their children

Increased Beck Depression Inventory Score among Coffee Growers Pesticide Applicators

Relationship between environmental exposure to pesticides and anthropometric outcomes of boys in the rural Western Cape, South Africa

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