Organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) in human breast milk from several Asian countries

Kim, Joon‐Woo; Isobe, Takeshi; Muto, Mamoru; Tue, Nguyen Minh; Katsura, Kana; Malarvannan, Govindan; Sudaryanto, Agus; Chang, Kwang‐Hyeon; Prudente, Maricar S.; Viet, Pham Hung; Takahashi, Shin; Tanabe, Shinsuke

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.02.033

Cited by 217 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…concentration ¼ 0.28 ng/g ww, which is well below the MDL for TPHP in this study) (Kim et al, 2014;Sundkvist et al, 2010). While measured in other biological samples (Butt et al, 2014;Hoffman et al, 2015), this was the first study to the authors' knowledge to confirm ip-PPP as a urinary metabolite of ITPs in a controlled dosing experiment.…”

Section: Organophosphate Componentsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Editor’s Highlight: Transplacental and Lactational Transfer of Firemaster® 550 Components in Dosed Wistar Rats

Phillips¹,

Chen²,

Rock³

et al. 2016

Toxicol. Sci.

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FiremasterV R 550 (FM 550) is a commercial mixture of organophosphate and brominated flame retardants currently in use as a replacement for pentaBDE. Its organophosphate components include triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) and a suite of isopropylated triarylphosphate isomers (ITPs); its brominated components include 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EH-TBB) and bis (2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate (BEH-TEBP). Taken together, these chemicals have been shown to be endocrine disrupting and potentially toxic, and human exposure to them is widespread. In this study, maternal transfer of FM 550 components, and in some cases their metabolites, was investigated in dosed Wistar rats. Gestational and lactational transfer were examined separately, with dams orally exposed to 300 or 1000 mg of FM 550 for 10 consecutive days during gestation (gestational day [GD] 9-18) or lactation (postnatal day [PND] 3-12). Levels of parent compounds were measured in fetus and whole pup tissue homogenates, and in dam and pup serum, and several metabolites were measured in dam and pup urine. EH-TBB body burdens resulting from lactational transfer were approximately 200-to 300-fold higher than those resulting from placental transfer, whereas low levels of BEH-TEBP were transferred during both lactation and gestation. TPHP and ITPs were rapidly metabolized by the dams and were not detected in whole tissue homogenates. However, diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) and mono-isopropylphenyl phenyl phosphate (ip-PPP) were detected in urine from the dosed animals. This study is the first to confirm ip-PPP as a urinary metabolite of ITPs and establish a pharmacokinetic profile of FM 550 in a mammalian model.

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Section: Organophosphate Componentsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Editor’s Highlight: Transplacental and Lactational Transfer of Firemaster® 550 Components in Dosed Wistar Rats

Phillips¹,

Chen²,

Rock³

et al. 2016

Toxicol. Sci.

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“…In addition to high concentration levels found in house dust samples, they have also been determined in municipal wastewater, surface and drinking water as well as human breast milk, fish and some other biota samples [3][4][5]9,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. OPEs elicit genotoxic and neurotoxic effects [18] and some chlorinated OPEs have log Kow values ranging from 1 to 5 indicating the potential to persist and bioaccumulate in the environment [1,3,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in lipid-rich matrices using dispersive solid-phase extraction as a sample cleanup step and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry

Chu

Letcher

2015

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…The recent studies on OPEs have been mainly focused on their occurrence in various environments such as air (Castro-Jimenez et al, 2014), waters (Andresen et al, 2004;Marklund et al, 2005) and sediments (Cristale and Lacorte, 2013), and accumulation in living organisms (Kim et al, 2011) and human blood, milk and urine (Shah et al, 2006;Kim et al, 2014). However, the recent studies on OPEs have been mainly limited to their behavior in aquatic environments, and little research has been conducted on their behavior in the terrestrial environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and distribution of organophosphorus esters in soils and wheat plants in a plastic waste treatment area in China

Wan

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2016

Environmental Pollution

135

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a b s t r a c tThis study for the first time reported the occurrence, distribution and concentrations of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in soils caused by plastic waste treatment, as well as their influence on OPE accumulation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Eight OPEs were detected with the total concentrations of 38e1250 ng/g dry weight in the soils from the treatment sites, and tributoxyethyl phosphate and tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate present as the dominant OPEs. There were similar distribution patterns of OPEs and significant correlations between the total OPE concentrations in the soils from the plastic waste treatment sites with those in the nearby farmlands (P < 0.005), indicating that plastic waste treatment caused the OPE contamination of farmland soils. The uptake and translocation of OPEs by wheat were determined, with OPEs of high hydrophobicity more easily taken up from soils and OPEs with low hydrophobicity more liable to be translocated acropetally.

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Organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) in human breast milk from several Asian countries

Cited by 217 publications

References 25 publications

Editor’s Highlight: Transplacental and Lactational Transfer of Firemaster® 550 Components in Dosed Wistar Rats

Editor’s Highlight: Transplacental and Lactational Transfer of Firemaster® 550 Components in Dosed Wistar Rats

Determination of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in lipid-rich matrices using dispersive solid-phase extraction as a sample cleanup step and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry

Occurrence and distribution of organophosphorus esters in soils and wheat plants in a plastic waste treatment area in China

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