Origin and behaviour of heavy metals in agricultural Calcaric Fluvisols in semiarid conditions

Assessment of the mobility of metals in a mining-impacted coastal area (Spain, Western Mediterranean)

“…This is a difficulty that can even lead to erroneous diagnosis in soils or sediments. The study of potential mobility involves summing up all reactions that are capable of mobilising metals (Vidal et al, 2004). With regards to the environmental risk assessment, the worst case describes "natural conditions" that lead to the highest metal release possible in the environment (Thöming and Calmano, 1998).…”

Applying multivariate methods to soil–solution interactions in carbonate media

“…However, few works have used multivariate analysis in addition to univariate analysis to study soil parameters. Multivariate analysis is necessary to better understand the ecosystem-soil interaction (Hitzl et al, 1997;Park and Vlek, 2002;Vidal et al, 2004). On the basis of the magnitudes of the parameters analyzed for samples and/or variables, these techniques permit a joint evaluation of the diverse characteristics of the soil by using a grouping suggested by the data itself, rather than one defined ahead of time (Sena et al, 2002).…”

“…The utilization of RDA and related techniques offers the opportunity to resolve such diverse problems as the classification of soil using several of its properties (Theocharopoulos et al, 1997;Kalähne et al, 2000;Verheyen et al, 2001), the identification of the origin of contaminants in soil (Korre, 1999;Gallego et al, 2002;Vidal et al, 2004), or the determination of quality indexes for soil (Wander and Bollero, 1999;Andrews et al, 2002). Nevertheless, these techniques have not been used to study the interactions between soil properties and characteristics of soil solution.…”

Niveles de fondo geoquímico e influencia del marco geológico en las concentraciones edafogeoquímicas de base de suelos seleccionados de Castilla-La Mancha

“…Estas concentraciones naturales de fondo, en el caso de los suelos, pueden haber sido alteradas significativamente por efecto de numerosas actividades antropogénicas, tales como en las que se practica el uso de fertilizantes, la minería, el uso industrial. El fondo geoquímico podría ser definido como el contenido en elementos traza que presenta un suelo sin la influencia de la actividad humana (Vidal et al, 2004).…”