Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in the Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii Wagler, 1831) (Rodentia, Caviidae)

Araujo, HN; Oliveira, GB; Silva, A.V.N.; Oliveira, R.E.M.; Câmara, Felipe Venceslau; Oliveira, Celso Maran de; Bezerra, Fvf; Oliveira, M. F. de

doi:10.17221/206/2015-vetmed

Cited by 9 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The suprascapular nerve had as its most frequent origin the branches C 4 and C 5 , and its nervous territory consists of the supraspinal and infraspinal muscles, differing from that described by Guimaraes et al (2013) when studying the plexus in the nutria and by Aydin (2003) in the thorn hog where the roots C 5 and C 6 were described. These results also differ from our previous study in Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Araujo Jr et al 2016), where we found that it emerges from C 6 and C 7 . The C 6 or C 7 branches do not participate in the formation of this nerve in the gerbil.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Scavone et al (2008) reported in the spotted paca the origin of this nerve only from C 6 , while Gamba et al (2007) in the chinchilla describe the origin in C 6 and C 7 , differing from what is observed in the gerbil. The cranial pectoral nerve is similar to that found in rats (Greene 1963), emerging from C 5 and C 6 , and it is different in the nutria (Guimaraes et al 2013), which emerges solely from C 6 , in Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Araujo Jr et al 2016), in which both nerves are formed by C 6 and C 7 and also in the chinchilla (Gamba et al 2007) where it is formed only from C 7 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…The origin of the gerbil brachial plexus resembles that described by Greene (1963) in rats (Mus nor- Sakai 1997). On the other hand, it differs from that found in the guinea pig (Cooper and Schiller 1975), which consists of the branches C 5 to T 2 ; in the chinchilla (Gamba et al 2007) and the nutria (Guimaraes et al 2013) the brachial plexus consists of C 6 to T 1 , and in Spix's yellow-toothed cavies (Araujo Jr et al 2016) it consists of C 6 to T 2 . None of these formations were found in the gerbil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…In both cases, the situation is different in the gerbil. As for the axillary nerve, in the red squirrel (Aydin 2011), it stems from C 5 and C 6 ; in the rat (Greene 1963), in the chinchilla (Gamba et al 2007) and in Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Araujo Jr et al 2016) it consists of C 6 and C 7 , differing from what is observed in the gerbil, since the latter do not have the branches C 5 or C 7 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The musculocutaneous and axillary nerves emerge from C 5 to C 7 and they are distributed to the coracobrachial, brachial and biceps brachial muscles, subscapular and deltoid muscles, respectively. In the chinchilla (Gamba et al 2007), the musculocutaneous and axillary nerves have a common origin in C 6 and C 7 , whereas in Spix's yellowtoothed cavy (Araujo Jr et al 2016), these nerves stem from C 7 and C 8 . In both cases, the situation is different in the gerbil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomy of the brachial plexus in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus Milne-Edwards, 1867)

Araujo¹,

Oliveira²,

Costa³

et al. 2018

Vet. Med.

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The Mongolian squirrel is a murine rodent widely used as an experimental model and kept as a pet. With respect to the significance of the brachial plexus, we aimed to describe the origin and the nerves that constitute it, providing new information about the neuroanatomy of this species. Twenty adult animals were used, which were fixed in a 10% formaldehyde solution at the Applied Animal Morphophysiology Laboratory of the Brazilian Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region (UFERSA). The animals were medially incised with an opening of the thoracic cavity, and then bilateral dissection was carried out. Once the nerves were identified, cotton wool soaked with a 2% hydrogen peroxide solution was added for bleaching and better visualisation of structures. The gerbil brachial plexus derived from ventral roots of the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth cervical nerves (C4–C8) and the first thoracic root (T1). The suprascapular nerve was formed from the nerve roots C4 and C5; the subscapular and cranial pectoral nerves from C5 and C6; the musculocutaneous and axillary nerves from C5, C6 and C7; and the caudal pectoral, radial, median, ulnar, thoracodorsal, lateral thoracic and long thoracic nerves from C7, C8 and T1. This resembles what is described in other rodents, such as the rat and capybara. The gerbil has a pre-fixed plexus conformation.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Anatomy of the brachial plexus in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus Milne-Edwards, 1867)

Araujo¹,

Oliveira²,

Costa³

et al. 2018

Vet. Med.

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Morphological variation of the brachial plexus in four phyllostomid bat species (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)

Toledo

Peracchi

Nogueira

2022

The Anatomical Record

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Despite the remarkable morphological modifications that occurred in the thoracic limbs of bats, information about the brachial plexus in this group is still scarce. The present study aimed to describe the origin, structure, and distribution of these peripheral nerves in four Phyllostomidae species. Both antimeres of six Artibeus lituratus, five Desmodus rotundus, seven Glossophaga soricina, and five Phyllostomus hastatus—all adult males from the Adriano Lúcio Peracchi Collection (UFRRJ)—were dissected. After complete exposure of the structure, we found that the brachial plexus of D. rotundus and P. hastatus is formed by the same roots (C5–T1), whereas the fourth cervical spinal nerve and the second thoracic spinal nerve are present in G. soricina (C4–T1) and A. lituratus (C5–T2), respectively. There was intraspecific variation and asymmetry in the origin of the structure and the combinations of nerve segments forming terminal branches. The distribution to the target muscles and patagium, however, was not subject to significant variation in our sample. Data presented here support the presence of two prevailing conditions in distribution of nerves to the bat muscles, and the innervation of the membranes seems to be explained by embryogenesis. Although the brachial plexus in phyllostomid bats is similar to that of other terrestrial Laurasiatheria, aspects identified in these bats, apparently unique to Chiroptera, may be related to anatomical changes in the thoracic limbs functionally linked to flight.

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Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in red‐necked wallaby (Notamacropus rufogriseus, Marsupialia: Macropodidae)

Bakıcı,

Yunus,

Batur

2024

The Anatomical Record

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Notamacropus rufogriseus (red‐necked wallaby) are in the family Macropodidae, which is the second largest family of marsupials after the family Didelphidae. This study was conducted with the aim of providing a detailed description of the origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in N. rufogriseus. Two‐year‐old male and 3‐year‐old female red‐necked wallabies were used for the study. The brachial plexus was formed by ventral rami of C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1 spinal nerves. It is composed of three trunks that give rise to 12 principal nerves. The cranial trunk is formed by the combination of the rami C4–C7; the middle trunk is formed by the combination of the rami C6 and C7; and the caudal trunk is formed by the combination of the rami C8 and T1. Differences between left and right side of the plexus brachialis were not observed. C6 ventral spinal rami contribute the most to brachial plexus nerve formation, while C4 contributes the least. The formation and distribution of the plexus in N. rufogriseus exhibited more resemblance to the patterns observed in marsupial animals rather than placental mammals. Marsupial mammals demonstrate the involvement of C4 in the development of the brachial plexus. The formation and branching of the brachial plexus sequentially adapt in accordance with changes in their thoracic limb activities and innervation points. Anatomical data from brachial plexus studies optimizes thoracic limb clinical and surgical treatments. This work can provide baseline data for future marsupial brachial plexus studies and fill gaps in the scarce literature.

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Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in the Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii Wagler, 1831) (Rodentia, Caviidae)

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Anatomy of the brachial plexus in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus Milne-Edwards, 1867)

Anatomy of the brachial plexus in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus Milne-Edwards, 1867)

Morphological variation of the brachial plexus in four phyllostomid bat species (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)

Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in red‐necked wallaby (Notamacropus rufogriseus, Marsupialia: Macropodidae)

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