Origin and Genesis of the Permain Hydrocarbon in the Northeast of the Dongdaohaizi Depression, Junggar Basin, China

Abstract

Dongdaohaizi area is an important hydrocarbon-rich depression in the Junggar Basin. Early resource evaluation has revealed that it has superior hydrocarbon generation conditions. No major exploration breakthrough has been observed in the hydrocarbon from the Permian Pingdiquan Formation source rocks, which are widely distributed and have a large sedimentary thickness. The unclear recognition of the genesis, the sources, and the hydrocarbon evolution history of the formation seriously restricted further exploration and development. Sixty-four samples were acquired during the study, consisting of 30 source rocks, 13 crude oil samples, and 21 natural gas samples. Studying the geochemical characteristics of the source rock extract and the surrounding structural crude oil in the Dongdaohaizi Depression, the differences in the stable carbon isotope, the biomarker compound, and the molecular relative composition of the three sets of main source rock products in the research fields are summarized. The results reflect that the drying coefficient of natural gas in the study area is generally low, and the fractional distillation value of methane and ethane is 0.32, which is most likely due to the loss of oil and gas migration and the mixing of different types of natural gases. The carbon isotope value is relatively low, with the Pr/Ph being generally less than 3.0. The content of sterane C 29 is the highest in the relative composition of steranes, followed by the content of sterane C 28 , which together account for more than 80% of the total sterane content, and then followed by a lower content of C 27 sterane, accounting for only 5–20% of the total content, which generally conforms to the characteristics of Permian Pingdiquan Formation source rock products. The carbon isotope value of crude oil ranges from −30.94 to −28.31‰, which is different from the characteristics of typical Permian source rocks (values range from −34.49 to −28.21‰), while it is related to typical Carboniferous products (values range from −29.98 to −24.1‰), indicating that small amounts of Carboniferous source rock products were mixed in different degrees in the Dinan fault area. According to the distribution law of oil and gas, the geochemical characteristics and hydrocarbon sources were considered the oil source in the east of the Dongdaohaizi Depression, mainly from the source rocks of the Permian Pingdiquan Formation. The products of the peak period of hydrocarbon generation in the source rocks of the Pingdiquan Formation have not been transported to the high structural positions on a large scale to form reservoirs. They may still exist in the deep part of the Depression and the slope area. The low-amplitude structural and lithologic traps in the slope area of the Dongdahaizi Depression are promising targets for finding the products of the peak period of hydrocarbon generation. This is of great significance to reveal the Permain hydrocarbon evolution in the Junggar Basin ...

Origin of Mesozoic Biodegraded Crude Oils from the Eastern Chepaizi Uplift (Junggar Basin) Constrained by the Biomarker Recovery Method

“…Known to all, many of the terpanes in petroleum originate from lipidoids in bacterial (prokaryotes) membranes. ,,, Moreover, tricyclic terpenoids (C 19 –C 29 ) are derived from regular C 30 isoprenes, and the high abundance of tricyclic terpenoids may also be related to the original algae. , However, hopane mainly exists in prokaryotes and higher plants, while prokaryotes are lacking . Besides, some specific TTs represent markers of terrestrial organic matter input into coal or source rocks (C 19 –C 20 TT) and typical marine or lacustrine organic matter input into source rocks (C 23 –C 24 TT), respectively. ,,,, In this study, we used a biomarker recovery method to correct them, and the results were particularly significant.…”

“…9,34 As shown in Figure It is well known that the similar maturity of crude oil and source rock is a prerequisite for oil−source correlation. 4,10,20,35 C 27 TAS 20S/(20S + 20R) was derived based on the calculation of the relative content of long-chain TASs proposed by Zhang et al 36 As shown in Figure 8b, three families of crude oils have relatively high C 27 TAS 20S/(20S + 20R) and C 28 TAS 20S/(20S + 20R) ratios, indicating that crude oils should be the product from the maturity stage of the source rock. The maturity of most crude oil samples of family A1 is the closest to that of Permian source rocks, indicating that they may have a potential affinity.…”

“…8,36 However, hopane mainly exists in prokaryotes and higher plants, while prokaryotes are lacking. 35 Besides, some specific TTs represent markers of terrestrial organic matter input into coal or source rocks (C 19 −C 20 TT) and typical marine or lacustrine organic matter input into source rocks (C 23 −C 24 TT), respectively. 4,8,10,41,42 In this study, we used a biomarker recovery method to correct them, and the results were particularly significant.…”