Origin and geochemical evolution of groundwater in the Abaya Chamo basin of the Main Ethiopian Rift: application of multi-tracer approaches

Haji, Muhammed; Qin, Dajun; Guo, Yonggang; Li, Lü; Wang, Dongdong; Karuppannan, Shankar; Shube, Hassen

doi:10.1007/s10040-020-02291-y

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The Nazret Group is composed of Pliocene fractured ignimbrite interbedded with sediments, rhyolites, and minor basaltic lava. The depth of the aquifer increases from the rift escarpment where depths range from just below surface to 40 m, to the rift floor where it can reach up to 290 m below ground level (Kebede et al, 2008;Pürschel et al, 2013;Haji et al, 2021).…”

Section: Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Hydrothermal Alteration at the Fentale-Dofan Magmatic Segment of the Main Ethiopian Rift

2021

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The Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) is characterized by extensional tectonics and volcanism, associated with active hydrothermal systems, hydrothermal alteration and fumarolic deposits. The spatial distribution of these hydrothermal products and their link with faults and rock types provides important clues to what controls fluid flow in the subsurface. However, little is known about this in the East African Rift. We address this issue with a multidisciplinary approach in the Fentale-Dofan magmatic segment of the MER, an area characterized by intense volcanic and tectonic activity and a geothermal prospect. Primarily we conduct mapping of hydrothermal alteration and fumarolic deposits, and rock lithologies using a surface feature classification technique of multispectral satellite images. Then we interpret the map using a new database of faults and active hydrothermal manifestations such as hot-springs and fumaroles. We find that the surface hydrothermal alteration and deposits are mainly focused near Fentale and the Dofan Volcanic Complex (DVC). At DVC the hydrothermal products are focused on rhyolites on the western side of the volcano, in an area of intense NNE striking, rift parallel faults. At Fentale volcano the hydrothermal products are mainly associated with ignimbrite and show a circular pattern around the volcanic edifice, but also in places follow the NNE striking faults. At Fentale, the more complex association of hydrothermal products and active manifestations around the edge of the ignimbrite suggests formation contacts may also localize fluid flow in places. At both volcanoes the association between hydrothermal products with either the rhyolites and ignimbrites is likely due to them being relatively easily altered (in comparison to basalt), and also their brittle nature allows for fracturing through which localized fluid flow can occur (as opposed to the sediments). The general pattern of hydrothermal products suggests a stronger structural influence at the DVC with respect to Fentale. The presence of hydrothermal products and active hydrothermal manifestations, along with other lines of evidence such as locus of subsurface dike intrusion at the volcanic centres, suggest that discrete and localized magma reservoirs beneath Fentale and the DVC are the heat source for hydrothermal circulation. Our study also demonstrates that geology, including hydrothermal deposits, can be successfully mapped using automated remote sensing based classification.

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Section: Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Hydrothermal Alteration at the Fentale-Dofan Magmatic Segment of the Main Ethiopian Rift

2021

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“…This inherent complexity of tropical and fractured volcanic aquifer systems requires the combination of multiple environmental tracers (e.g., stable and radioactive isotopes, noble and industrial gases or rock weathering solutes) and disciplines to fully understand groundwater age distributions and recharge mechanisms (Haji et al, 2021; Solomon et al, 2010). For example, Pérez Quezadas et al (2016) used a multi‐tracer approach to delineate recharge processes within the mountainous region of Veracruz (Mexico), with the majority of the recharge occurring in the upland parts of the watershed (tritium ranging from 0.5 up to 2 TU).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Younger groundwater reservoirs are more likely affected by the impact of diffuse pollution, land use change, and inter-annual rainfall variability, since flow paths are shorter in comparison with older/deeper groundwater systems (Kazemi et al, 2006;Zuber & Maloszewski, 2008;Newman et al, 2010;Wirmvem et al, 2017;Salas-Navarro et al, 2018). This inherent complexity of tropical and fractured volcanic aquifer systems requires the combination of multiple environmental tracers (e.g., stable and radioactive isotopes, noble and industrial gases or rock weathering solutes) and disciplines to fully understand groundwater age distributions and recharge mechanisms (Haji et al, 2021;Solomon et al, 2010). For example, Pérez Quezadas et al ( 2016) used a multi-tracer approach to delineate recharge processes within the mountainous region of Veracruz (Mexico), with the majority of the recharge occurring in the upland parts of the watershed (tritium ranging from 0.5 up to 2 TU).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering complex groundwater age distributions and recharge processes in a tropical and fractured volcanic multi‐aquifer system

Sánchez‐Murillo

Montero‐Rodríguez

Corrales‐Salazar

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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Groundwater recharge in highly fractured volcanic aquifers in the humid tropics remains poorly understood. In this region, rapid demographic growth and unregulated land use change are resulting in extensive surface water pollution and a large dependency on groundwater extraction. Here we present a multi‐tracer approach including δ18Oδ2H, 3H/3He dating, and noble gases (NG) within the most prominent multi‐aquifer system of central Costa Rica, with the objective to assess dominant groundwater recharge mechanisms and age distributions. We sampled wells and large springs across an elevation gradient from 868 to 2421 m asl. Our results indicate relatively young apparent ages ranging from 0.0 ± 3.2 up to 43.5 ± 7.6 years within the unconfined aquifer system. Helium isotopes (R/Ra up to 5.4) indicate a dominant signal from the upper mantle and preclude 3H/3He dating in 50% of the samples. Potential recharge elevations (based on NG and δ18O) ranged from ~1350 to 2670 m asl. NG‐derived recharge temperatures ranged from 11.0°C to 19.4°C. Recharge estimates varied from 129 ± 78 to 1605 ± 196 mm/yr with a mean value of 642 ± 117 mm/yr, representing 20.1 ± 4.0% of the total mean annual rainfall as effective recharge. The shallow unconfined aquifer is characterized by young and rapidly infiltrating water, whereas the deeper aquifer units have relatively older water (>60 years). These results are intended to guide the delineation and mapping of critical recharge areas in mountain headwaters to enhance water security and sustainability in the most important headwater dependent systems of Costa Rica.

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“…The results in the samples that were taken ranged from 70.4 to 100.9 mg/l. Aquatic ecosystem resources are evaluated using COD as a main criterion since it shows the quantity of organic contaminants that deplete oxygen in the water body [47]. The value in the study region varied from 6.7 to 21.88 mg/l, satisfying the WHO's 30 mg/l threshold.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Surface Water Contamination Zones and its Sources on Mahanadi River, Odisha Using Entropy-Based WQI and MCDM Techniques

Das

2023

Optimization and Computational Case Studies in Civil Engineering

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Information entropy, geographic information systems (GIS), and an examination of the use of TOPSIS and ELECTRE as multi-objective decision-making tools, this study demonstrates an integrated approach to investigating surface water quality for drinking purposes and applying it to the Mahanadi River in Odisha. 19 distinct locations and 20 physicochemical factors were examined for this aim over a 7-year period (2016-2023). EWQI's classification depicts 84.21% of the samples belongs to good category, 10.53% falls under the poor group, and eventually, 5.26% belongs to extremely poor class. To classify different levels of pollution, multivariate statistical analysis framework namely, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Cluster Analysis (CA) and Discriminant Analysis (DA) were implemented in the on-going work. In case of CA, the results suggests that by separating the locations into three major groupings, such as relatively more polluting, medium-polluted, and less polluted locations, it depicts site similarity. Also, DA analysis highlights the linkages between the stations. PC could provide a good explanation for 93.92 % total fluctuation in the water quality. In addition, this study clearly justifies the effectiveness of all finding’s outcomes discussed above by the application of TOPSIS and ELECTRE in prioritizing decisions, based on their comparative levels of pollution. Spatial variation maps of all water quality parameters and all methods illustrated above specify that St. (8), (9) and (19) have poor water quality. Leaching, organic, and natural pollutants, industrial and home waste water, soil erosion and weathering, have all been identified as major contributors to river water pollution.

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Origin and geochemical evolution of groundwater in the Abaya Chamo basin of the Main Ethiopian Rift: application of multi-tracer approaches

Cited by 36 publications

References 72 publications

Mapping Hydrothermal Alteration at the Fentale-Dofan Magmatic Segment of the Main Ethiopian Rift

Mapping Hydrothermal Alteration at the Fentale-Dofan Magmatic Segment of the Main Ethiopian Rift

Deciphering complex groundwater age distributions and recharge processes in a tropical and fractured volcanic multi‐aquifer system

Identification of Surface Water Contamination Zones and its Sources on Mahanadi River, Odisha Using Entropy-Based WQI and MCDM Techniques

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