Origin of Amniotic Fluid Cells in Mid‐trimester Pregnancies

Tydén, O; Bergström, Staffan; Nilsson, B.

doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1981.tb00982.x

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…He postulated that floating particles in early pregnancy represent acoustic reflections from aggregates of cells and cell fragments. These cells as demon strated by electron microsocopy originate from fetal skin, vagina, and oral cavity as well as from the umbilical cord [8]. Our results are consistent with the latter study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Ultrasound-Detected Free-Floating Particles in Amniotic Fluid: Correlation with Maternal Serum α-Fetoprotein

Hallak¹,

Zador²,

Garcia³

et al. 1993

Fetal Diagn Ther

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The objective of this study was to determine the rate of ultrasound-detected free-floating particles in amniotic fluid during the early second trimester and their relationship with maternal serum α-fetoprotein (MSAFP) in patients with normal amniotic fluid α-fetoprotein (AFAFP). Ninetyeight consecutive patients undergoing second trimester amniocentesis for various indications were prospectively studied. Before undergoing amniocentesis, each patient had a level II ultrasound examination and evaluation of the presence of free floating particles. A subjective estimate of the particle amount and measurement of the size of the largest particle seen were made. Patients were stratified into three groups according to their MSAFP level (low, normal, high). Statistical significance of results was assessed by analysis of variance and multiple comparison procedure, and by nonparametric procedures, as appropriate. MSAFPs (mean ± 1 SD) were 0.41 ± 0.18 and 4.88 ± 2.22 multiples of the median for the low and the high groups, respectively. All AFAFPs were within normal limits. Ninety four percent of patients with high MSAFP had free-floating particles in amniotic fluid as compared to 43% in the low and normal groups (p < 0.01). Patients with high MSAFP had significantly greater density and size of particles. The presence of ultrasound-detected free-floating particles in amniotic fluid of normal patients during the early second trimester may preclude its use as a reliable indicator for fetal lung maturity, or suggest that the source of these particles may differ by trimester. High MSAFP is significantly correlated hith the ultrasonographic appearance of free-floating particles, as well as with larger size and higher amount.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Ultrasound-Detected Free-Floating Particles in Amniotic Fluid: Correlation with Maternal Serum α-Fetoprotein

Hallak¹,

Zador²,

Garcia³

et al. 1993

Fetal Diagn Ther

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show abstract

“…The phospholipid assays are claimed to be lung specific [Gluck et al, 1971;, while amniotic fluid cytology is an index of skin maturity [Tyden et al, 1981b;Bergstrom et al, 1982]. The creatinine concentration in the amniotic fluid probably reflects both fetal kidney maturation and the fetal muscle mass [Pitkin and Zwirek, 1967], How ever, the differences between the tests in predicting the most life-threat ening outcome of fetal immaturity, IRDS, are small (table II) [Doran et al, 1979], This observation implies that different organ systems mature in a parallel fashion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Fetal Maturity by Amniotic Fluid Cytology, Creatinine, Lecithin/Sphingomyelin Ratio and Phosphatidylglycerol

Tydén

Eriksson²,

Ågren³

et al. 1983

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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The value of four amniotic fluid tests – the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio, the presence of phosphatidylglycerol, amniotic fluid cytology and the creatinine concentration – in the prediction of fetal lung maturity was investigated. The sensitivity was high for all tests except for amniotic fluid cytology, which had a higher specificity. The overall outcome, particularly the value for predicting immaturity, was improved by various combinations of tests. The combination of amniotic fluid cytology and creatinine proved useful in predicting the gestational age. A diagram for estimation of gestational age is presented.

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“…1974;Priest et at. 1977;Crouch and Bornstein 1979;Tyden et al 1981). Hoehn et al (1974) Clonable amniotic fluid cells may be derived either from the fetus or from the cytotrophoblast.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of cells of amniotic fluids by immunological identification of intermediate-sized filaments: Presence of cells of different tissue origin

et al. 1981

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Origin of Amniotic Fluid Cells in Mid‐trimester Pregnancies

Cited by 42 publications

References 13 publications

Ultrasound-Detected Free-Floating Particles in Amniotic Fluid: Correlation with Maternal Serum α-Fetoprotein

Ultrasound-Detected Free-Floating Particles in Amniotic Fluid: Correlation with Maternal Serum α-Fetoprotein

Estimation of Fetal Maturity by Amniotic Fluid Cytology, Creatinine, Lecithin/Sphingomyelin Ratio and Phosphatidylglycerol

Characterization of cells of amniotic fluids by immunological identification of intermediate-sized filaments: Presence of cells of different tissue origin

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