Origin of sonocatalytic activity of fluorescent carbon dots

Maximizing hydrogen production by AB hydrolysis with Pt@cobalt oxide/N,O-rich carbon and alkaline ultrasonic irradiation

“…On one hand, the utilization of ultrasound could produce plenty of cavitation bubbles in the reaction media, generating heat and pressure and resulting in a strong shattering effect. 70,71 This can result in explosive shock on the electron-rich active sites formed with the aid of alkali, thereby boosting oxidative cleavage of O-H bonds in H 2 O (rate-controlling step). On the other hand, the coalescence and slip of ultrasonic cavitation bubbles at the phase interfaces could enhance mass transfer and boost the reaction kinetics for AB hydrolysis with alkali.…”

Dipeptide Surface Modification and Ultrasound Boosted Phosphatase-Like Activity of the Ceria Nanozyme: Dual Signal Enhancement for Colorimetric Sensors

“…As sonosensitizers, CMNC nanoparticles offer numerous nucleation sites for cavitation bubbles to form, since they can reduce the cavitation threshold. 57 In addition, a high pressure (i.e., up to 10 8 Pa) is known to be generated at the bubble−liquid−particle triphase interface upon the bursting of cavitation bubbles, 58 thereby resulting in the triphase interface endowing the system with both the physical and chemical effects that are required to enhance the phosphatase-like activity of CMNC. This can lead to improved mass transport between the phosphoester substrates and CMNC nanoparticles, in addition to the generation of high temperatures, pressures, and possible electric field gradients at the bubble− liquid−particle triphase interface region.…”

“…For the US-boosted phosphatase-like activity of CMNC, a plausible dephosphorylation reaction mechanism can be proposed (see Figure S8) based on the ultrasonic cavitation effect. As sonosensitizers, CMNC nanoparticles offer numerous nucleation sites for cavitation bubbles to form, since they can reduce the cavitation threshold . In addition, a high pressure (i.e., up to 10 8 Pa) is known to be generated at the bubble–liquid–particle triphase interface upon the bursting of cavitation bubbles, thereby resulting in the triphase interface endowing the system with both the physical and chemical effects that are required to enhance the phosphatase-like activity of CMNC.…”

Enhanced sonodynamic therapy by carbon dots-shelled microbubbles with focused ultrasound

“…C-dots already have been attempted applying in biomedical field, such as bioimaging, drug delivery, biosensors, and photocatalysis, suggesting excellent biocompatibility. The sonocatalysis application of C-dots was firstly reported by Ren et al [19] . During US sonication, the C-dots produced O- radicals and could react with hydrogen ions and water, providing 2-fold of sonocatalytic activity compared with TiO 2 .…”