Origin of Typical Disease Sequelae

Straub, Rainer H.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803321-0.00005-7

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 450 publications

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“…Monocytes, postlymphocyte stimulation, were determined to be responsible for the procoagulation phenomenon ( Schwartz and Edgington, 1981 ). Coagulation factor III, initiates coagulation ( Straub and Chapter, 2015 ), was upregulated in this dataset, and is expressed on the surface of monocytes as well as being involved in enterocyte cell signaling ( McGilvray and Rotstein, 1999 ; Zelaya et al, 2018 ). HAS, due to genetic selection, makes a great deal more antibody to SRBCs than does LAS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining supervised machine learning with statistics reveals differential gene expression patterns related to energy metabolism in the jejuna of chickens divergently selected for antibody response to sheep red blood cells

et al. 2023

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining supervised machine learning with statistics reveals differential gene expression patterns related to energy metabolism in the jejuna of chickens divergently selected for antibody response to sheep red blood cells

et al. 2023

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“…3 Although genome-wide analyses have identified specific genes (such as Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II, DR Beta 1 [HLA-DRB1]) that are involved in immune regulation among RA patients, environmental interactions (such as smoking and photoperiod) have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of RA. 7,8 A higher incidence of RA among females has also been documented 3 as well as latitude-dependent stratification of the disease. 9 Despite recent advances, a substantial molecular- and systems-level understanding of the mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of disease pathology is yet to be developed.…”

Section: The Pathology Of Rheumatoid Arthritismentioning

confidence: 95%

The Potential of Circadian Realignment in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rao

Pierre

Schlesinger

et al. 2016

Crit Rev Biomed Eng

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In this short review, we discuss evidence supporting the modulation of peripheral circadian systems as a therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We first review the role of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, two of the primary mediators of chronic inflammation in RA, and their regulation by circadian clock machinery. We further highlight the role of environmental and metabolic signals in regulating the central and peripheral circadian clocks, with an emphasis on seasonal variations in photoperiod and rhythmic metabolic input, respectively. Finally, we hypothesize that the entrainment and realignment of peripheral clock rhythms have the ability to modulate these mediators, improving clinical outcomes in RA patients. Our discussion emphasizes the use of light therapy and time-restricted feeding for entraining peripheral clocks either via the entrainment of the central circadian clock in suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) or directly by uncoupling the peripheral circadian clocks from SCN. In doing so, we highlight the use of nonpharmacologic interventions as a potential strategy for improving clinical outcomes in chronic inflammatory conditions such as RA.

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Calcium trafficking and gastrointestinal physiology following an acute lipopolysaccharide challenge in pigs

Opgenorth,

Mayorga,

Abeyta

et al. 2024

Journal of Animal Science

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The influence of systemic immune activation on whole-body Ca trafficking and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) physiology are not clear. Thus, study objectives were to characterize the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on Ca pools and GIT dynamics to increase understanding of immune-induced hypocalcemia, ileus and stomach hemorrhaging. Twelve crossbred pigs [44 ± 3 kg body weight (BW)] were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 intramuscular treatments: (1) control (CON; 2 mL saline; n=6) or (2) LPS (40 µg LPS/kg BW; n=6). Pigs were housed in metabolism stalls to collect total urine and feces for 6 h after treatment administration, at which point they were euthanized, and various tissues, organs, fluids, and digesta were weighed, and analyzed for Ca content. Data were analyzed with the MIXED procedure in SAS 9.4. Rectal temperature and respiration rate increased in LPS relative to CON pigs (1.4°C and 32%, respectively; P≤0.05). Inflammatory biomarkers such as circulating alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin increased in LPS compared with CON pigs whereas albumin decreased (P≤0.02). Plasma glucose and urea nitrogen decreased and increased, respectively, after LPS (43 and 80%, respectively; P<0.01). Pigs administered LPS had reduced circulating ionized Ca (iCa) compared to CON (15%; P<0.01). Considering estimations of total blood volume, LPS caused an iCa deficit of 23 mg relative to CON (P<0.01). Adipose tissue and urine from LPS pigs had reduced Ca compared to CON (39 and 77%, respectively; P≤0.05). There did not appear to be increased Ca efflux into GIT contents and no detectable increases in other organ or tissue Ca concentrations were identified. Thus, while LPS caused hypocalcemia, we were unable to determine where circulating Ca was trafficked. LPS administration markedly altered GIT dynamics including stomach hemorrhaging, diarrhea (increased fecal output and moisture), and reduced small intestine and fecal pH (P ≤ 0.06). Taken together, changes in GIT physiology suggested dyshomeostasis and alimentary pathology. Future research is required to fully elucidate the etiology of immune activation-induced hypocalcemia and GIT pathophysiology.

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Origin of Typical Disease Sequelae

Cited by 3 publications

References 450 publications

Combining supervised machine learning with statistics reveals differential gene expression patterns related to energy metabolism in the jejuna of chickens divergently selected for antibody response to sheep red blood cells

Combining supervised machine learning with statistics reveals differential gene expression patterns related to energy metabolism in the jejuna of chickens divergently selected for antibody response to sheep red blood cells

The Potential of Circadian Realignment in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Calcium trafficking and gastrointestinal physiology following an acute lipopolysaccharide challenge in pigs

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