Original article: Evaluation of cytokine mRNA in induced sputum from patients with allergic rhinitis: relationship to airway hyperresponsiveness

Sohn, Seong-Wook; Lee, H.-S.; Park, H.-W.; Chang, Yoon-Seok; Kim, Y.-K.; Cho, S.-H.; Kim, Y.-Y.; Min, Kyung-Up

doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01550.x

Cited by 41 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…A paper published by Ciprandi et al showed that FeNO values were higher in children with asthma and rhinitis in comparison with those suffering from rhinits alone, confirming that degree of airways inflammation depends on the involvement of both the nos and the lungs (28). Similar results were showed by Tufvesson et al even when evaluating cysteinyl-leukotrienes levels (29) and by Sohn et al when considering interleukin-5 and vascular endothelial growth factor levels (30). Finally, similar data were confirmed by Brown et al who, performing bronchial biopsies, showed increasing submucosal eosinophils and mast-cells levels (31).…”

Section: Allergic Rhinitis Isupporting

confidence: 75%

Nasal Disease and Asthma

Marseglia

Merli

Caimmi

et al. 2011

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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The nose plays a primary role within the airways, working as "a filter and air-conditioner", together with other important fnnctions. Thus, it is not surprising that nasal diseases are associated with several other comorbidities, including both upper and lower airways, such as bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and asthma. Several studies have investigated the relationship existing between the upper and the lower airways and new insights are rising. Nevertheless, some uncertainties still remain, mainly because nasal disorders are quite heterogeneous, overlapping (i.e. rhinitis-rhinosinusitis-sinusitis, acute or chronic, allergic or non-allergic) and difficult to diagnose, so that, frequently, many studies don't differentiate between the various conditions. For this reason, the purpose ofthis review is to systematically analyze present epidemiological, pathophysiological and clinical data on the relationship between nasal diseases and asthma, splitting up three main conditions: allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis.The relationship between nasal diseases and asthma, even tough postulated many centuries ago (1), has been deeply investigated only during the last 20 years (2-4). The new approaches and studies on such a relationship have become possible mainly thanks to the introduction of new technologies, such as nasal flexible endoscopy (5).Nasal inflammatory disorders include a complex group of inflammatory conditions with great variability in presentation, diagnosis and management (6). Rhinitis and sinusitis, isolated or in association, are common diseases in the paediatric population and they can be classified as infectious or allergic, acute or chronic, and associated or not with nasal polyps (7). Typical signs and symptoms include nasal congestion, nasal purulence, postnasal drip, nasal discharge, hypo-osmia, fever, cough, facial pressure, halitosis, dental pain, ear fullness, and headache. The diagnosis and the management of rhinosinusitis are challenging, but usually not satisfactory.Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition resulting in a reversible airway obstruction, and mainly characterised by dry cough, expiratory wheezing, chest tightness and dyspnoea: these signs and symptoms may be triggered by allergen exposure, infections, exercise or airways irritants (8). Although asthma is at present a common condition in paediatrics, the prevalence of uncontrolled asthma, as defined by the GINA classification (9), is low. Therefore, in case of non-controlled asthma, a special evaluation is required. In fact, as a first step, clinicians should initially verify an adequate compliance to the prescribed therapy and then re-evaluate if the initial diagnosis of asthma is correct. After this initial step, possible comorbidities have to be searched for, including psychiatric disorders, gastro-esophageal reflux, obesity, respiratory infections and nasal diseases.The recognized and accepted "unified airways" theory (10) links upper and lower airways: the mechanisms able to explain such a relati...

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Section: Allergic Rhinitis Isupporting

confidence: 75%

Nasal Disease and Asthma

Marseglia

Merli

Caimmi

et al. 2011

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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“…Sputum eosinophil granule proteins have been extensively investigated in studies on allergic diseases as eosinophilic inflammatory markers commonly used for sputum (Ackerman et al 1983;Koh et al 2003;Badar et al 2004). In particular, studies have reported that the ECP was higher in the serum and sputum of asthma patients and AR patients (Sohn et al 2008;Hogan et al 2008). Both the ECP and EPO reflect the disease activity in AR, and a study reported that the ECP and EPO were predictors of the development of asthma in AR patients (Nielsen et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sputum induction and analysis were performed according to a standardized protocol (Sohn et al 2008). After the measurement of the basal FEV1, pretreatment was performed using 200 µg of salbutamol aerosol (Ventolin TM , GlaxoSmithKline, Bredtfred, England).…”

Section: Sputum Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several investigators have studied whether eosinophil granule proteins contribute to the tissue damage and allergic inflammation in allergic diseases (Ackerman et al 1983;Koh et al 2003;Badar et al 2004). Other studies have reported that eosinophil granule proteins in induced sputum or serum are higher in allergic diseases such as asthma or AR than in normal subjects (Sohn et al 2008;Hogan et al 2008) and were reflective of disease activities in AR or asthma (Nielsen et al 2009). Some investigators have suggested that eosinophil granule proteins are associated with the airway remodeling associated with these diseases (Pegorier et al 2006;Hogan et al 2008) and that they contribute to bronchoconstriction and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma (Gundel et al 1991;Coyle et al 1993;Uchida et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many researchers have investigated the proportion of eosinophils and the expression of eosinophil granule proteins in the aforementioned eosinophilic airway diseases (Koh et al 2003;Badar et al 2004;Pegorier et al 2006;Sohn et al 2008;Hogan et al 2008). However, none of them investigated which is more important in the identification of the disease and disease activity: the extent of eosinophil activity, as reflected by the eosinophil granule protein concentration in induced sputum, the eosinophil cell count in serum or the proportion of eosinophils among the cells obtained from induced sputum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Expression Levels of Eosinophil Granule Protein mRNAs in Induced Sputum Reflect Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Airflow Limitation

Jung

Kang

Lee

et al. 2014

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Eosinophils are regarded as the major effector cells that produce symptoms in allergic diseases. Activation of eosinophils induces extracellular release of a number of eosinophil granule proteins, including major basic protein (MBP), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), and eosinophilderived neurotoxin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the differences and significance of the sputum eosinophil% and expression levels of eosinophilic granule protein mRNAs in allergic airway disease. Induced sputum samples were obtained from non-smokers with 25 asthma, 54 eosinophilic bronchitis, 16 allergic rhinitis, and 19 healthy control subjects. The eosinophil granule protein mRNAs were measured with real time RT-PCR. There was no correlation between the sputum eosinophil% and the mRNA level of any of eosinophil granule proteins. However, the expression levels of MBP and ECP mRNAs were higher in subjects with each of the specified allergic diseases than those in control subjects (P < 0.05). Moreover, in the subjects with allergic sensitization, the expression levels of MBP and EPO mRNAs were significantly higher in those with airway hyperresponsiveness (13 subjects) than in those without airway hyperresponsiveness (32 subjects) (P = 0.004 and 0.010, respectively). In asthma patients, the FEV1% was negatively correlated with ECP mRNA levels (r = −0.510, P = 0.022), but showed no correlation with sputum eosinophil%. In conclusion, mRNA levels of eosinophil granule proteins, rather than sputum eosinophil%, may reflect airway hyperresponsiveness and airflow limitation. In practice, consideration for the eosinophil% as well as the eosinophil granule proteins levels in induced sputum is needed.

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Aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists upregulate VEGF secretion from bronchial epithelial cells

et al. 2015

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Original article: Evaluation of cytokine mRNA in induced sputum from patients with allergic rhinitis: relationship to airway hyperresponsiveness

Abstract: These findings suggest that VEGF and IL-5 can be important determinants of the development of AHR in AR patients and that lower levels of other cytokines may be associated with the absence of asthmatic symptoms in AR patients with AHR.

Cited by 41 publications

References 35 publications

Nasal Disease and Asthma

Nasal Disease and Asthma

Expression Levels of Eosinophil Granule Protein mRNAs in Induced Sputum Reflect Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Airflow Limitation

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists upregulate VEGF secretion from bronchial epithelial cells

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