Original fluorinated surfactants potentially non-bioaccumulable

Abstract

This minireview updates non-exhaustive recent strategies of synthesis of original fluorosurfactants potentially non-biodegradable. Various strategies have been focused on:

Strategies for synthesizing non-bioaccumulable alternatives to PFOA and PFOS

“…The result showed that CF 3 CF 2 CF 2 C(CF 3 ) 2 CH 2 CH 2 COONa has better surface ability than CF 3 (CF 2 ) 6 COONa to reduce the surface tension of water at the same concentration. So, introducing branched structure in perfluorinated chain part is one of effective strategies for synthesis of non-bioaccumulable alternatives to PFOA [52].…”

Fluorinated pyridinium and ammonium cationic surfactants

“…They are used as anti-blocking agents in architectural coatings, leveling and wetting agents in paints, inks and floor finishes, aqueous firefighting foams, hard surface cleaners, emulsifiers and dispersion aids for olefin polymerization, and additives in oil and gas extraction fluids [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Synthesis and surface properties of a series of surfactants based on O-alkyl and O-perfluoro-N,N′-diisopropylisoureas

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. These surfactants contain a perfluorinated chain as hydrophobic group and exhibit special properties such as high thermal and chemical stabilities, high surface activity, and low critical micelle concentration [12,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”