This paper attempts to disclose how micro-subjects perceive the ecological welfare from the recycling of agricultural resources, and what are the factors affecting the perception. Firstly, the current status of modern agriculture was introduced, and the connotation of ecological welfare was explained in details. Then, the ecological welfare was divided into three aspects, namely, air quality change, water quality change, and farmland quality change. Meanwhile, eleven variables were selected, including seven personal variables and four external variables. The research data were collected through a questionnaire survey on farmers in Heilongjiang Province, China, and subjected to sequential logistics regression (SLR). The results show that the farmers could perceive the ecological welfare, which stems from the recycling of agricultural resources, much more effectively, if the recycling is industrialized and up-scaled, well-educated professional farmers are trained, and rural infrastructure is improved. The research findings provide a guidance for farmers to engage in the recycling of resources.