Origins of Conflicts Between Iran and Iraq

Najafinejad, Alireza; Bahrami, S. Hajir

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-89836-0_3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…this economic factor played a significant factor since these countries distribute Oil and they are seen as main sources for this product. Najafinejad and Bahrami (2019) state "The Iran-Iraq conflict over a common border became yet another major problem as the result of endless interpositions and transnational intrusions that have caused ceaseless conflicts with longterm consequences in the Middle East" this study is a recent one and it ensures that there is a conflict is still seen between Iran and Gulf States due to geopolitical determinants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Impact of Geopolitical Determinants on Iranian-Gulf Relations: 2011 - 2018

AlBadareen¹

2019

theijhss

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Point of fact, the spatial dimension of the geopolitical side determines the international relations to a large extent, and affects the forms of regional and international interaction in which it could create a conflict or a cooperative or a combination of countries' relations due to different fields. According to Halliday (1996) "the geopolitics of the contemporary Gulf are dominated by a triangular conflict between the three most powerful states of the region-Iran, Iraq and Saudi Arabia" (p.1). This kind of conflict dominated the entire region for the past quarter of a century, and showed that there no abating sign, the conflict has no stable resolution (Halliday, 1996). In this regard, it is significant to understand the geopolitical forces as they play an effective role on the relation between countries (Dempsey, Qureshi, Ondoma, and Dempsey, 2017; Guyot, 2011). They explain these geopolitical forces have always affected war, political stability, economy, and geography. In this vein, Halliday (1996) states that even though a conflict is found in the relationship around the Gulf, there are no insuperable international obstacles at first sight to create peace among these three powerful states. In fact, plenty of mechanisms could be found that to resolve such territorial, political, and issues that could divide them. One of the important factors that could affect the relationship between Iran and Gulf countries since the Gulf region is seen to have 65% proven reserves of crude oil and 33% of the natural-gas reserves of the world (Okruhlik, 2003). The main two powers in this relationship between Iran and Gulf countries are presented by Iran and Saudi Arabia. This claim is proven by Pradhan (2018) who states that the Iran and Saudi Arabia relationship has a significant factor in the Persian Gulf region's stability as same as among the Middle East. Many issues are existed in which they remain the contention' bone between these two key regional players. The relations of Saudi-Iranian have been launched since the Islamic revolution's time, in 1979, in Iran. In addition, the interests of Iran, in the Arab Spring, are still continued to grow since the spreading of protests among Arab countries. For example, in Bahrain, the protests have become a conflict's flashpoint between both Iran and Saudi Arabia. Another example is the Syria's demography and population nature are a conflict propellant because the civil war, in Syria, has taken sectarian dimensions. The instability in Yemen is considered an important concern for Saudi Arabia due to its long border with it. This current paper attempts to investigate the determinants and their dimensions of the Iranian role in light of the Iranian decision makers' views in all their levels, namely local, regional and international levels and with an interest in explaining the motives and transformations of such moves. It is noticeable that Iran tries to strike a balance between its geopolitical position, its Islamic past and its revolutionary present. Besides, it aims to see how to ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%