Origins of Gender Norms: Sibling Gender Composition and Women's Choice of Occupation and Partner

Abstract

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The effect of a sibling’s gender on earnings and family formation

“…havior is more common in case of opposite-sex children than in case of same-sex children. In addition, Brenøe (2018) provides evidence that parents of opposite-sex children gender-specialize their parenting more than parents of same-sex children. As a result of these differences, individuals with opposite-sex siblings might make more genderstereotypical choices than those with same-sex siblings.…”

“…As a result of these differences, individuals with opposite-sex siblings might make more genderstereotypical choices than those with same-sex siblings. For example, Brenøe (2018) finds that brothers decrease women's likelihood to work in male dominated occupations, such as those within Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). This can lead to differences in earnings because of the general wage gap between traditionally maleand female-dominated occupations.…”

“…They find that those with a same-sex sibling have higher earnings than those with an opposite-sex sibling, except in the case of closely spaced singleton men. 4 Brenøe (2018) focuses on the impact of a sibling's gender on women's choice of occupation and partner. Specifically, the main outcomes are whether women and their partners work in male dominated occupations, such as those within Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM).…”

Okul Öncesi̇ Öğretmenleri̇ni̇n Mesleki̇ Profesyonelli̇kleri̇ İle Mesleki̇ Benli̇k Saygilari Arasindaki̇ İli̇şki̇ni̇n İncelenmesi̇

“…Uygun meslek seçimi, kişilerin motivasyonları ve akademik başarıları ile doğrudan bağlantılıdır. Buna ek olarak, kişisel benlik algısının da insanların uygun mesleği seçmeleri üzerinde etkili olduğu bilinmektedir (Brenoe, 2018;Sarıkaya & Khorshid, 2009;Şirin vd., 2008). Kişisel benlik algısı, insanların herhangi bir konuda başarılı olup olmamasıyla, bireylerin nasıl davranacağı ve kendilerini nasıl algıladıklarıyla ilgilidir (Bal, 2006;Işık, 2006;Leary, 1999).…”

Biology and the Gender Gap in Educational Performance: The Role of Prenatal Testosterone in Test Scores

“…Sex ratios represent the number of boys born for every one hundred girls Gielen et al (2016). find a sex ratio of 94.2 for identical twins using data fromJames (2010).10 Similarly research shows that sibling gender can affect women's labor market outcomes(Cools and Patacchini, 2017;Brenøe, 2018).11 This approach is suggested byCohen-Bendahan et al (2005) andTapp et al (2011) and employed byGielen et al (2016).12 Evidence in favor of this assumption is provided byBjörklund and Jäntti (2012), who find strongest sibling correlations for years of schooling among dizygotic twins, those for closely spaced siblings (defined as birth within four years) are stronger and more similar to these dizygotic twins as compared to siblings born more than four years apart.…”