Origins of Spin Noise

Field, Timothy R.; Bain, Alex D.

doi:10.1007/s00723-009-0107-2

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…1. ) We argue that only the second of these is correct, from both theoretical [9] and experimental [8] points of view. In the present article we exploit this distinction between a random pure state and a density matrix in terms of proposals for the generation of new measurements that are capable of revealing real-time behavior.…”

Section: Modified Spin Densitymentioning

confidence: 81%

“…More recently, it has been observed in several experimental systems [2][3][4][5], including a recent application to imaging [6] and a very thorough experimental study [7]. Although the noise signal is weak compared to the signal following a pulse, it can be detected relatively easily [4,8], since it arises from all of the spins, not just the Boltzmann population difference [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This reveals the origins of spin relaxation in terms of the fluctuations in individual spins, which exist in random pure states. The dynamical theory emphasizes a conceptual distinction between a random pure state and a density matrix (constructed from the probability distribution of the former) and points to experimental evidence [8]. In relation to conventional NMR this approach has demonstrated how the approximations of Abragam [13] are justified within their domain of applicability, and how the standard density matrix fits within a more general formulation in terms of a modified spin density (MSD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamical theory of spin noise and relaxation: Prospects for real-time NMR measurements

Field

2014

Phys. Rev. E

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Recent developments in theoretical aspects of spin noise and relaxation and their interrelationship reveal a modified spin density, distinct from the density matrix, as the necessary object to describe fluctuations in spin systems. These fluctuations are to be viewed as an intrinsic quantum mechanical property of such systems immersed in random magnetic environments and are observed as "spin noise" in the absence of any radio frequency excitation. With the prospect of ultrafast digitization, the role of spin noise in real-time parameter extraction for (NMR) spin systems, and the advantage over standard techniques, is of essential importance, especially for systems containing a small number of spins. In this article we outline prospects for harnessing the recent dynamical theory in terms of spin-noise measurement, with attention to real-time properties.

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Section: Modified Spin Densitymentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamical theory of spin noise and relaxation: Prospects for real-time NMR measurements

Field

2014

Phys. Rev. E

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“…It may need to be stressed that in this case, spin noise still exists even though it is not observed. Spin-noise is an intrinsic property of the spin system [9,10] and cannot be removed by these experiments. Further increasing of delay time shows maser peaks disappearing and after 4 s delay time a typical noise spectrum for all resonances is observed again.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spin noise has been applied to NMR imagining [7] as well as 2D experiments [8]. However, since spin noise is observed throughout fluctuations of transverse magnetization that is proportional to √ N [1,9,10], therefore, it is expected to be of low sensitivity. Increased sensitivity is desirable and efforts have been made to improve it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%