ORIMATITA®. An Improved Hematite for Drilling Fluids

Tovar, José Guadalupe Cavazos; Rodriguez, Zulay; Quiroga, F; Greaves, Roberto; Melendez, Henry; Arocha, Juan; Bland, R.G.; Hebert, Mark

doi:10.2118/53939-ms

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Tovar et al tested hematite natural deposits in Venezuela, and all the tests’ results confirmed the previous conclusion on both laboratory and field scales with an additional benefit of hematite causing less formation damage and lower environmental impact. The abrasiveness was higher than Barite but did not have a huge impact on the conducted field trials . Fadl et al used delaminated iron ore (hematite-Barite) as a weighting material and investigated its performance on density, fluid loss, filter cake, stability, and rheological properties .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The abrasiveness was higher than Barite but did not have a huge impact on the conducted field trials. 13 Fadl et al used delaminated iron ore (hematite-Barite) as a weighting material and investigated its performance on density, fluid loss, filter cake, stability, and rheological properties. 14 The delaminated iron ore consists mainly of Fe 2 O 3 and BaO (i.e., 69.76 and 14.17%, respectively), and it has a specific gravity equal to 4.67.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fine-Tuning Filter Cake Sealing Performance: The Role of Particle Size in Hematite Weighted Water-Based Drilling Fluid

Al Jaberi,

Bageri,

Otain

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Three hematite grades with different particle sizes (i.e., large, medium, and small) were evaluated, and the selection criterion was median particle size. The investigation involves the following stages: rheology, filtration, and filter cake formation. Different rheological models including Bingham, Power law, Herschel–Bulkley, and Robertson–Stiff were implemented to find the optimum model for characterizing fluid behavior. The results showed that medium-sized hematite particles produced the highest filtration volume, filter cake thickness, and filter cake permeability. These results were confirmed when a varied pore distribution filtration medium was used. The NMR results showed the same trend where the highest reduction in core porosity was found when a medium-size particle distribution was used. There is a minimum alteration in the rheological behavior of the drilling fluid as the particle size was varied, and the drilling fluids showed a shear-thinning behavior and were best described by the Herschel–Bulkley model. Particle size ratio emerges as a key factor for controlling and enhancing the filtration properties and filter cake characteristics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine-Tuning Filter Cake Sealing Performance: The Role of Particle Size in Hematite Weighted Water-Based Drilling Fluid

Al Jaberi,

Bageri,

Otain

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…The crystal-structure hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ) with a specific gravity of 4.7 g/cm 3 has been practically applied with some benefits such as enhancing the rate of penetration, reducing the effect of weighting agents on rheological properties, and lowering the need of high solids content. − The higher abrasiveness of hematite can be avoided by optimizing its particle size with less than 45 μm. , However, in high-pressure high-temperature conditions, where higher density mud is required to suppress the formation pressure, the settling rate of solids is increased …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Hematite-Based Invert Emulsion Mud Stability at High-Pressure High-Temperature Wells

et al. 2020

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Drilling fluids have a crucial continued role in drilling a successful well; however, most of the drilling technical and operational challenges are incorporated with the drilling mud stability and properties. The solid particles settling in drilling mud that deteriorates its stability is a common issue encountered in high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) conditions. This issue, known as solids sagging, may eventually result in stuck pipes, wellbore instability, and loss of circulation. The objective of this work is to introduce garamite to enhance the stability of hematite-based invert emulsion mud under HPHT situations. The used garamite and hematite weighting material were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, and particle size distribution to identify their compositions, morphologies, and particle sizes. The effects of adding different concentrations of garamite (0.5, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 g) to the field formula of hematite-based invert emulsion mud were investigated. The mud density, stability, sagging tendency, rheology, viscoelasticity, and filtration properties were studied to formulate a stabilized and distinguished-performance drilling mud. The obtained results indicated that garamite did not change the mud density while enhancing the emulsion stability by increasing the electrical stability proportionally with the added garamite quantity. The sagging experiments showed that adding 1.25 g of garamite is sufficient to prevent the sagging problem in both static and dynamic conditions as it was enough to enforce the sag parameters into the safe range of sag performance indicators. This 1.25 g of garamite improved the yield point by 152% from 19 to 48 lb./100 ft 2 with a slight increase in plastic viscosity from 14 cP for base mud to 18 cP and significant increase in the gelling strength and viscoelastic properties. Adding 1.25 g of garamite showed a slight enhancement in the filtration properties as the filtrate volume was reduced by 8% from 3.7 to 3.4 cm 3 and the filter cake thickness has 16% reduction from 2.69 to 2.26 mm. As a result, a mud with distinguished performance, in terms of rheology, suspension, sag performance, and stability, was obtained. Hence, a basis for safely drilling the HPHT formations was delivered, which reduces the drilling cost by minimizing the nonproductive time.

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“…Iron oxide, known as hematite, has emerged as a potential substitute for barite as a densifying additive 27 . Hematite possesses a slightly greater density relative to barite, rendering drilling fluids comparable in rheological attributes to barite-containing formulations 28 . However, hematite is beset by inherent shortcomings, notably its susceptibility to magnetism and pronounced abrasiveness, as documented in several sources 27,29,30 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing hematite filter cake treatment using reducing agents

Siddig,

Elkatatny,

Alafnan

2024

Sci Rep

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In drilling operations, the formation of a filter cake is crucial for well stability, but its removal post-drilling is essential to restore rock formation productivity. This study focuses on hematite-based filter cakes and investigates factors influencing their solubility and removal, addressing a significant knowledge gap in the field. The research methodology involves examining the effects of various factors, including types and concentrations of reducing agents, temperature, particle size, and treatment duration, on the dissolution process. Notably, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) tests are employed to assess the treatment's impact on core porosity. Among the diverse reducing agents examined, ferrous chloride emerges as the optimal choice for effectively enhancing hematite solubility. Particularly, a composite solution of ferrous chloride (10 wt.%) and hydrochloric acid (6 wt.%), was highly efficient demonstrated by exhibiting rapid solubilization of hematite filter cakes. A removal efficiency of approximately 99%, with a parallel enhancement in core permeability was achieved. NMR tests reveal the treatment's success in reinstating the porosity system, which had undergone reduction due to drilling fluid particles. Crucially, the solution exhibits a considerably lower corrosion rate than concentrated hydrochloric acid, highlighting its potential to mitigate environmental concerns while ensuring efficient filter cake removal. The findings of this research provide valuable insights into optimizing post-drilling operations, balancing environmental sustainability and operational efficiency. The identified composite solution offers a promising approach to efficient filter cake removal while mitigating environmental concerns associated with corrosion. Overall, this study contributes to advancing the understanding and practice of well productivity enhancement in the oil and gas industry.

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ORIMATITA®. An Improved Hematite for Drilling Fluids

Abstract: This paper was prepared for presentation at the 1999 SPE Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference held in Caracas, Venezuela, 21–23 April 1999.

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Fine-Tuning Filter Cake Sealing Performance: The Role of Particle Size in Hematite Weighted Water-Based Drilling Fluid

Fine-Tuning Filter Cake Sealing Performance: The Role of Particle Size in Hematite Weighted Water-Based Drilling Fluid

Enhancing Hematite-Based Invert Emulsion Mud Stability at High-Pressure High-Temperature Wells

Optimizing hematite filter cake treatment using reducing agents

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