Ornithine8-Vasopressin (Por-8) as a Vasoconstrictor in Regional Anaesthesia Part Ii

Nolte, Hans; Dudeck, J; Puente-Egido, J. J.; Hemel, J.; Rein, Andrea

doi:10.1097/00132586-197312000-00050

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“…In summary, for rapid powerful vasoconstriction of cutaneous vessels, a concentration of 10~2 u. ml" 1 seems to be appropriate for most individuals. Concentrations of 2.5 x 10" 2 u. ml" 1 have also been reported to be satisfactory in regional anaesthesia [10] and in gynaecological surgery [16]. However, it is not known if this concentration is also optimally effective in other vascular beds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under clinical conditions, however, the reported concentrations vary between 0.025 and 1 u. ml" 1 . There has been no report of the optimal concentration range of ornipressin for vasoconstriction, but in regional anaesthesia, the concentration-dependent effect of ornipressin on duration of nerve block has been examined by Nolte and colleagues [10]. With subcutaneous infiltration, they found the same duration of analgesia for concentrations ranging from 0.025 to 0.4 u. ml" 1 with 0.5% mepivacaine; duration of block did not differ from that obtained with a solution containing adrenaline Sugml" 1 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dose-response relation of ornipressin with regard to vasoconstriction in human skin

Fruhstorfer

Heisler

1994

British Journal of Anaesthesia

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We have studied the vasoconstrictor potency of ornipressin in the skin of 30 volunteers. Subjects received intradermal injections (50 microliters) of five different concentrations of ornipressin (10(-4) - 10(0) u. ml-1 in 0.9% saline) and plain 0.9% saline as a control. Immediately before injection, basal cutaneous blood flow in the test field was enhanced with 1% histamine. Capillary flux was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry and the size of pallor was determined. Ornipressin was effective at 10(-4) u. ml-1 and had its largest constrictor effect at concentrations of 10(-2) and 10(-1) u. ml-1. Larger concentrations were less effective in reducing capillary flux. Interindividually, the most effective concentration varied between 10(-3) and 10(-1) u. ml-1. The size of pallor grew in a dose-dependent manner but 10(0) u. ml-1 always caused reddening in its centre. Capacitance vessels (skin colour) were more sensitive to ornipressin than resistance vessels (capillary flux). The shortest latency of vasoconstriction was obtained with concentrations of 10(-2) and 10(-1) u. ml-1. The results of this study suggest that for haemostasis of the skin a concentration of ornipressin 10(-2) u. ml-1 is useful; this low concentration would reduce total dosage and unwanted side effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%