Oro-facial opportunistic infections and related pathologies in HIV patients: A comprehensive review

Gondivkar, Shailesh; Sarode, Sachin C.; Gadbail, Amol R.; Yuwanati, Monal; Sarode, Gargi S; Sengupta, Neil; Patil, Shankargouda; Awan, Kamran Habib

doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2021.101170

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…1 Over time, they cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) if not treated, a condition in which progressive failure of the immune system allows lifethreatening opportunistic infections(LTOI) and cancers to thrive. 2 An HIV-positive mother can transmit HIV to her baby any time during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. If you are a woman with HIV and you are pregnant, treatment with a combination of HIV medicines (called antiretroviral therapy or ART) can prepared prevent transmission of HIV to your baby and protect your health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of CD4 Count in HIV Infected Pregnant Women at Kibagabaga Level Two Teaching Hospital

NTEZIRIZAZA,

Alain Prudence,

Habanabakize

et al. 2024

J. Drug Delivery Ther.

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CD4 count measures the degree of immunosuppression in HIV-positive patients and is used to monitor HIV infection progression in human body. HIV is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system and if not treated, can lead to AIDS The rate of CD4 cells destruction is directly proportional to progressive replication of HIV. Pregnant women infected with HIV have high risk of mother to child transmission of HIV infection and are prone to excessive immunosuppression and increased viral load if their CD4 cell count is not properly maintained. Pregnancy may influence CD4 cells count reduction or don’t, that’s why this study focused on evaluation of CD4 count in HIV infected pregnant women. The objectives of this study were to determine the association between pregnancy trimesters and CD4 count among HIV infected pregnant women at KDH. The study was a cross sectional study which included 46 patients who visited kibagabaga level two teaching hospital in 5 months. Data were obtained by collecting venous blood of patients, testing their CD4 count and use of a questionnaire to evaluate the risk factors associated with changes in CD4 count. Data collected were analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 22.0 and Microsoft word, the presentation of results was done using tables. Variables with p-value less than or equal to 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The study showed that there is an association between pregnancy trimesters and CD4 count among HIV infected pregnant women where 21(45.6%) women were in third trimester and had the highest CD4 count compared to women in the 2nd trimester 14(30.4%) followed by women in 1st trimester 11(24%) with p-value of 0.04 which is statistically significant. In evaluated CD4 count changes, associated risk factors were, antiretroviral treatment intake, diet intake, education level, pregnancy trimester, and closely spaced pregnancies. Which were found to have p-values 0.00, 0.00, 0.04, 0.04 and 0.01 that were statistically significant respectively. Keywords: HIV, CD4 Count, Pregnant women

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Destruction of CD4 cells is affected by cytotoxic T cells and apoptosis in the acute phase, while inability of the immune system to produce new T cells and generalized immune activation accounts for the CD4 cell depletion in chronic phase. 11 ISSN: 2250-1177 [2] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of CD4 Count in HIV Infected Pregnant Women at Kibagabaga Level Two Teaching Hospital

NTEZIRIZAZA,

Alain Prudence,

Habanabakize

et al. 2024

J. Drug Delivery Ther.

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“…HIV has a special affinity for CD4 cells where HIV will attack and disrupt the delicate balance and eventually cause various complications, especially in advanced HIV patients. The number of CD4 cells depends on age, gender, and the condition of a person’s immunity ( 4 ). The spread of HIV/AIDS in Indonesia is based on several factors such as the high incidence of sexual diseases among street children, male sex customers who do not want to use condoms, high use of injecting drugs, using needles together, high migration rates and population movements, and also knowledge and information on preventive measures against HIV/AIDS which are still very minimal ( 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/AIDS in Indonesia: current treatment landscape, future therapeutic horizons, and herbal approaches

Jocelyn,

Nasution,

Nasution

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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HIV/AIDS is still a major worldwide health concern, and Indonesia is making efforts to mitigate its effects. Antiretroviral therapy (ARV), which aims to decrease viral replication, boost immunological function, and lengthen the lifespans of persons living with HIV/AIDS, is the cornerstone of Indonesia’s strategy. The availability of ARV has significantly increased, yet problems including stigma and the requirement for regular medication adherence still exist. To address the broader needs of those affected by HIV/AIDS, Indonesia lays a major focus on comprehensive care, which includes mental health and social support, in addition to ARV. Data show that, despite progress, there is still a stigma surrounding HIV/AIDS, which affects patient outcomes and access to care. With vigorous research into cutting-edge antiretroviral medications and treatment techniques, Indonesia has a thriving future therapeutic landscape. The goals of these programs are to increase treatment effectiveness, decrease side effects, and increase access to cutting-edge treatments. Preventive methods, such as PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis), are making progress, and efforts to find a cure are gaining prominence. Notably, HIV/AIDS management plan of Indonesia heavily relies on natural remedies. Patient care incorporates traditional Indonesian medicine, such as jamu and several herbal medicines. Although there is little scientific proof to support the effectiveness of these herbal remedies, complementary and alternative therapies frequently employ them to manage symptoms and promote general wellness. In terms of the 95-95-95 targets, Indonesia is making an effort to comply with these international goals by seeking to diagnose 95% of HIV-positive individuals, provide sustained ARV to 95% of those diagnosed, and achieve viral suppression in 95% of ARV recipients. Although there are gaps in reaching these aims, progress is being made, in part because of the aforementioned challenges. In summary, Indonesia employs a multimodal approach to HIV/AIDS management, including traditional herbal cures, continuous research into cutting-edge treatments, and conventional ARV. In order to enhance overall health outcomes and create a healthier society, the future of HIV/AIDS treatment in Indonesia is concentrated on expanding therapeutic alternatives, reaching the 95-95-95 targets, decreasing stigma, and improving access to care.

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“…Diversos patógenos estão associados à IOs na cavidade bucal de pessoas vivendo com HIV (PVHIV), estando presentes várias espécies de bactérias, fungos e vírus 8 . A infecção pelo Vírus do Papiloma Humano (HPV) é uma das mais comuns e apresenta fatores de risco semelhantes ao HIV, por conta disso, é muitas vezes concomitante e extremamente prevalente em indivíduos sexualmente ativos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Manifestação Oral Atípica pelo HPV Diagnosticado em Paciente com Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida e Múltiplos Fatores de Risco: Relato de Caso

et al. 2022

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O Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana, quando associado à uma terapia antirretroviral deficiente ou ao abandono do esquema terapêutico, é o responsável pelo desenvolvimento da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida, quadro clínico de imunossupressão que predispõe o paciente ao aparecimento de infecções oportunistas. A infecção pelo Vírus do Papiloma Humano é uma das infecções oportunistas mais comuns e diversos fatores de risco podem estar associados à sua prevalência, dentre eles o tabagismo e etilismo, que também contribuem para a persistência da infecção e possível cancerização de lesões causadas pelo vírus. O presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar o caso clínico de um paciente do sexo masculino, ex-tabagista, ex-etilista, ex-usuário de drogas com diagnostico tardio do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana e em quadro de Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida, que apresentou leucoplasias em bordo bilateral de língua. Foi necessária exérese total das lesões e a análise histopatológica apresentou características de infecção pelo Vírus do Papiloma Humano, além de displasia atípica com alta replicação viral e possibilidade de malignidade.

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Oro-facial opportunistic infections and related pathologies in HIV patients: A comprehensive review

Cited by 7 publications

References 56 publications

Evaluation of CD4 Count in HIV Infected Pregnant Women at Kibagabaga Level Two Teaching Hospital

Evaluation of CD4 Count in HIV Infected Pregnant Women at Kibagabaga Level Two Teaching Hospital

HIV/AIDS in Indonesia: current treatment landscape, future therapeutic horizons, and herbal approaches

Manifestação Oral Atípica pelo HPV Diagnosticado em Paciente com Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida e Múltiplos Fatores de Risco: Relato de Caso

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