Oropharyngeal Crohn’s disease

Abstract

Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Classically the disease has a predilection for the distal small bowel and colon and presents with dominant symptoms of abdominal pain and diarrhea. This case report describes a 38-year-old woman with Crohn’s disease who presented with odynophagia. Direct visualization of the oropharynx revealed a large serpiginous Crohn’s disease ulcer. A precipitous drop in hemoglobin prompted a series of gastroenterologic investigations that confirmed both ileal and oropharyngeal Crohn’s disease. This manuscript describes the presentation of oropharyngeal Crohn’s and reviews previous reports and management options.

Understanding the orbital periods of CEMP-s stars

“…In wider systems AGB winds are typically faster than the orbital velocities of the donor stars. Abate et al (2013) use the results of detailed hydrodynamical calculations (Mohamed & Podsiadlowski 2007Mohamed 2010) to develop a simplified model of wind Rochelobe overflow (WRLOF), a mode of mass transfer in which it is the slow and dense wind of the donor star, rather than the star itself, that fills the Roche lobe and is transferred on to the binary companion. We refer to Abate et al (2013) for a complete description of their WRLOF model and here we summarise the basics.…”

“…In their hydrodynamical calculations of WRLOF, Mohamed & Podsiadlowski (2007) originally adopt T cond = 1000 K, which is also the value used by Abate et al (2015c) to maximise the fraction of CEMP stars in their synthetic populations of metalpoor stars. Indeed, a low dust-condensation temperature implies that the range in which WRLOF takes place is shifted towards longer separations compared to the case of a higher T cond , because dust forms further away from the star and hence R d is larger.…”

“…Much effort has gone into modelling this type of mass transfer (e.g. Mohamed & Podsiadlowski 2007;de Val-Borro et al 2009;Chen et al 2017Chen et al , 2018de Val-Borro et al 2017;Liu et al 2017;Saladino et al 2018), which has led to the discovery of a new mode of mass transfer, dubbed wind Roche-lobe overflow (WRLOF, Mohamed & Podsiadlowski 2007). This mode relies on the fact that AGB winds require the formation of dust to efficiently accelerate their winds.…”

“…This mode relies on the fact that AGB winds require the formation of dust to efficiently accelerate their winds. If the dust formation radius lies sufficiently close to the Roche lobe, then the AGB wind moves very slowly and material can be efficiently transferred to the companion through the inner Lagrangian point, with perhaps up to half the ejected material being accreted (Mohamed & Podsiadlowski 2007;Abate et al 2013).…”

“…However, in the case of a dense AGB outflow with velocity comparable to or lower than the orbital velocity of the binary the situation is certainly more complicated and both observations and hydrodynamical simulations show that the matter is not ejected isotropically (see e.g. Karovska et al 2005 for the observations of Mira AB, the prototypical detached binary system with an AGB donor star, and de Val-Borro et al 2009, Mohamed 2010, Liu et al 2017 for the simulations). Jahanara et al (2005) and, more recently, Chen et al (2018) and Saladino et al (2018) have performed hydrodynamical simulations to determine the amount of angular momentum carried by the ejected material for different binary separations and mass ratios and a variety of assumptions about the input physics, such as the wind acceleration mechanism, chemical composition of the outflowing gas and its cooling efficiency.…”