Oropharyngeal Excretion of Epstein-Barr Virus by Renal Transplant Recipients and Other Patients Treated With Immunosuppressive Drugs

Strauch, Barry; Siegel, Norman J.; Andrews, Linda-Lea; Miller, George

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(74)92546-x

Cited by 189 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As we reflected upon this finding, it was perhaps not surprising, given that Miller and colleagues (34) reported some 30 years ago that patients with SLE taking immunosuppressive drugs for renal transplantation secreted more EBV in their saliva compared with patients with chronic uremia and healthy individuals. Although these earlier findings could be explained by disease severity and/or immunosuppression, the explanation could as well be alterations in T cell immune responses that are present in SLE, an explanation in concert with the findings of Tsokos and colleagues (9) that lupus patients have decreased cytotoxicity against EBV-infected B cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Defective Control of Latent Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Kang

Quan

Nolasco

et al. 2004

The Journal of Immunology

233

187

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EBV infection is more common in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) than in control subjects, suggesting that this virus plays an etiologic role in disease and/or that patients with lupus have impaired EBV-specific immune responses. In the current report we assessed immune responsiveness to EBV in patients with SLE and healthy controls, determining virus-specific T cell responses and EBV viral loads using whole blood recall assays, HLA-A2 tetramers, and real-time quantitative PCR. Patients with SLE had an ∼40-fold increase in EBV viral loads compared with controls, a finding not explained by disease activity or immunosuppressive medications. The frequency of EBV-specific CD69+ CD4+ T cells producing IFN-γ was higher in patients with SLE than in controls. By contrast, the frequency of EBV-specific CD69+ CD8+ T cells producing IFN-γ in patients with SLE appeared lower than that in healthy controls, although this difference was not statistically significant. These findings suggest a role for CD4+ T cells in controlling, and a possible defect in CD8+ T cells in regulating, increased viral loads in lupus. These ideas were supported by correlations between viral loads and EBV-specific T cell responses in lupus patients. EBV viral loads were inversely correlated with the frequency of EBV-specific CD69+ CD4+ T cells producing IFN-γ and were positively correlated with the frequencies of CD69+ CD8+ T cells producing IFN-γ and with EBV-specific, HLA-A2 tetramer-positive CD8+ T cells. These results demonstrate that patients with SLE have defective control of latent EBV infection that probably stems from altered T cell responses against EBV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Defective Control of Latent Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Kang

Quan

Nolasco

et al. 2004

The Journal of Immunology

233

187

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…8,[14][15][16][17] The present study indicates that lymphocytes of the hepatic portal tract and sinusoids can also harbor EBV, and that an increase in the number of EBER-1-positive cells precedes clinically and histologically evident PTLD. The detection of such EBVpositive cells in the absence of evidence of graft rejection should prompt the physician to consider decreasing the level of immunosuppression, since EBV infections, even when PTLD is advanced, are responsive to immunomodulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Expression of Epstein–Barr Virus–Encoded Small RNA (by the EBER-1 Gene) in Liver Specimens from Transplant Recipients with Post-Transplantation Lymphoproliferative Disease

et al. 1992

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“…The herpes infection may be of etiologic significance, possibly acting as a cofactor or promoting agent (18)(19)(20)(21). This may be relevant to the present study, since immunosuppressed patients, including those on azathioprine, are prone to develop infections with the herpes group viruses, including herpes simplex, possibly through reactivation of latent infections (22)(23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Increased incidence of cervical atypia in women with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with chemotherapy

Nyberg

Eriksson

Westberg

1981

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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In a retrospective study we found that 19 of 80 women with systemic lupus erythematosus had atypical cervical smears as compared to only 9 of 80 agematched women without the disease. This increased incidence occurred mainly among women receiving cytotoxic drugs. Cervical atypia in women with lupus was not morphologically different from cervical atypia in general. Possible mechanisms responsible for the increased incidence are discussed. It is concluded that women with lupus who receive chemotherapy should have cervical smears taken regularly.Malignant disease has been reported to be more common in persons with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (1,2). Malignant lymphoma is the malignancy most commonly discussed in relation to SLE. It has been debated whether the lymphomas are related to the immune disorder itself or to the immunosuppressive therapy (3-8). Cancer of the cervix is included among the neoplasms found (1,2), but so far no study has shown a statistically significant increase. The purpose of the present investigation was to reveal any increased incidence of cervical atypia in women suffering from lupus and to evaluate the relationship to chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODSOne hundred and twenty women with strongly suspected or established diagnoses of systemic lupus erythema- Submitted for publication October 29, 1980; accepted in revised form November 19, 1980. tosus were included in the study. They had been seen at the Departments of Medicine, Dermatology, Rheumatology, or Neurology at Sahlgrenska Hospital, Goteborg, or at the Medical Department at the County Hospital in Molndal. No selection was made with regard to the age of the patients (median 42 years; range 20-80), organs affected, degree of activity, or therapy given. Thus, the women included cover a wide spectrum of this disease. Their records were studied, and time of onset of symptoms, year of diagnosis, and duration of any chemotherapy were noted. Most patients were presently or had previously received treatment. No attempt was made to evaluate the extent of this therapy.At the Laboratory of Clinical Cytology at Sahlgrenska Hospital, records of patients are filed in a computer registry according to their birthdate. These records include the results of any previous cytologic and relevant histologic examinations. The registry now contains data from more than 300,000 women.Of the 120 women with SLE, 80 were found to have previous cytologic records.* We used the computer files to choose 80 controls. For each of these 80 SLE patients, the control subject was the woman whose file immediately preceded the file of the SLE patient. In 74 cases, the control was born on the same day as the patient, and, in the remaining 6 cases, the control was one day older.Women with repeated cytologic or histologic examinations were recorded according to their "most malignant" report. In this context, cervical atypia was defined as any epithelial abnormality within the range of slight dysplasia to invasive carcinoma, corresponding to Papanicolaou classes 11-V. T...

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Oropharyngeal Excretion of Epstein-Barr Virus by Renal Transplant Recipients and Other Patients Treated With Immunosuppressive Drugs

Cited by 189 publications

References 19 publications

Defective Control of Latent Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Defective Control of Latent Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Expression of Epstein–Barr Virus–Encoded Small RNA (by the EBER-1 Gene) in Liver Specimens from Transplant Recipients with Post-Transplantation Lymphoproliferative Disease

Increased incidence of cervical atypia in women with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with chemotherapy

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