Oropharyngeal swallowing in normal adults of different ages

Robbins, JoAnne; Hamilton, John; Lof, Gregory L.; Kempster, Gail B.

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(92)90013-o

Cited by 600 publications

(559 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Sonies et al [25] reported slower elderly adult swallows compared to young adult swallows. In addition older individuals demonstrated increased oropharyngeal pressure duration [15] and increased hypopharyngeal pressure in amplitude and duration compared with young [26]. The age effect of change in respiratory phase Swallowing Apnea Duration 12 and swallow coordination [7] was not however supported in this study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…However, the finding of increased SAD in females compared to males is consistent with a longer upper esophageal sphincter opening in females than males [26]. SAD as a direct correlation of upper esophageal sphincter opening duration across genders has not been investigated, yet a closed laryngeal vestibule would seem necessary if active bolus transport were occurring from pharynx into the esophagus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…SAD as a direct correlation of upper esophageal sphincter opening duration across genders has not been investigated, yet a closed laryngeal vestibule would seem necessary if active bolus transport were occurring from pharynx into the esophagus. "Given the smaller potential area of upper esophageal sphincter opening in the oropharynx in women than in men, women might require a more prolonged duration of upper esophageal sphincter opening to accommodate passage of equivalent bolus size" ( [26], p. 828) and subsequently induce a longer SAD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Age, Gender, Bolus Volume, and Trial on Swallowing Apnea Duration and Swallow/Respiratory Phase Relationships of Normal Adults

2001

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Age, Gender, Bolus Volume, and Trial on Swallowing Apnea Duration and Swallow/Respiratory Phase Relationships of Normal Adults

2001

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“…Physiological changes in oropharyngeal swallowing begin to manifest in individuals over 60 years of age [67,68]. The relevant studies in this review that provided age data had an average age of 35 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal Swallowing and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review

2007

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Unknowns about the neurophysiology of normal and disordered swallowing have stimulated exciting and important research questions. Previously, these questions were answered using clinical and animal studies. However, recent technologic advances have moved brain-imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to the forefront of swallowing neurophysiology research. This systematic review has summarized the methods and results of studies of swallowing neurophysiology of healthy adults using fMRI. A comprehensive electronic and hand search for original research was conducted, including few search limitations to yield the maximum possible number of relevant studies. The participants, study design, tasks, and brain image acquisition were reviewed and the results indicate that the primary motor and sensory areas were most consistently active in the healthy adult participants across the relevant studies. Other prevalent areas of activation included the anterior cingulate cortex and insular cortex. Review limitations and suggested future directions are also discussed. KeywordsDeglutition; Deglutition disorders; Functional magnetic resonance imaging An estimated 18 million adults have dysphagia, or swallowing disorders, in the United States [1]. Dysphagia is a condition that becomes more prevalent with increasing age and often results from neurologic damage or disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. As a result, much of the research on swallowing disorders has focused on understanding and delineating the neurophysiology of swallowing with the overall goal of increasing the efficacy and accuracy with which diagnosis and intervention procedures are employed.Data from clinical and animal studies have provided the earliest insight into the central control of swallowing. In particular, clinical studies have provided an evolving foundation of thought pertaining to the central control of swallowing. These investigations have characteristically started with a disordered neurologic group (i.e., poststroke population) and combined both anatomical brain-imaging techniques (still pictures of the brain) such as computerized tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a swallowing assessment to correlate damaged brain areas with the presence or type of dysphagia observed. The vast majority of clinical studies have focused on the effects of stroke on swallowing [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] This systematic review summarizes studies that have explored the neurophysiology of swallowing in healthy adults using fMRI. The goal of a systematic review is to gather and present objectively the current status of research in a particular area of interest. It presents an unbiased review of the relevant literature by describing the systematic methods for obtaining the relevant literature on this topic. Search Strategies ElectronicAn electronic database search was completed using Medline (Ovid and PubMed), CINAHL, DARE, ACP Journal Club, the Cochrane L...

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“…Because of the long operation time, the tracheal secretion increased, resulting in longer stay in the intensive care unit and worse deconditioning state. Deterioration of the swallowing activity in the elderly patients 18 and impairment of expectoration due to paraplegia resulted in aspiration pneumonia. The above-mentioned state easily worsened the general condition, and such vicious cycle led to a poor prognosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical rehabilitation of the patients with spinal cord injury caused by aortic aneurysm and its operation

2007

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Objectives: To determine the natural course of spinal cord injury (SCI) after aortic aneurysm surgery. Setting: Acute care and semi-acute wards in Osaka Rosai Hospital, Japan. Methods: From 1998 to 2003, 12 patients with thoracic SCI (eight men and four women; mean age: 69 years) were enrolled and evaluated by the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale and Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and the results were analyzed. Results: The level of SCI was distributed from T5 to L1. The ASIA impairment scale was A in four patients, B in four, C in three and D in one. Finally, six patients were discharged to home, and two patients died during hospitalization. Excluding the value of the deceased patients, the mean motor FIM was initially 32715.6 (13-59) points and became 61721.4 (29-88) points at discharge. Referencing the databases of SCI in Japan and USA revealed that the complication rates of pneumonia and aspiration were higher in our cases. The motor FIM before rehabilitation and at discharge were relatively lower than in the databases, but the gain and the rate of gain were similar to the Japanese database. Conclusion: SCI associated with aortic aneurysm surgery was noticed especially in the elderly patients using airways (for example, tracheostomy). The higher age and recurrent nerve palsy were associated with deconditioning state to develop aspiration pneumonia. This state impaired the general condition, and such vicious cycle led to poor prognosis and functional outcome.

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Oropharyngeal swallowing in normal adults of different ages

Cited by 600 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of Age, Gender, Bolus Volume, and Trial on Swallowing Apnea Duration and Swallow/Respiratory Phase Relationships of Normal Adults

Effects of Age, Gender, Bolus Volume, and Trial on Swallowing Apnea Duration and Swallow/Respiratory Phase Relationships of Normal Adults

Normal Swallowing and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review

Medical rehabilitation of the patients with spinal cord injury caused by aortic aneurysm and its operation

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