Orphenadrine prevents 3‐nitropropionic acid‐induced neurotoxicity <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>

Piccoli, David A.; Verdaguer, Ester; Canudas, Anna Ma; Sureda, Francesc X.; Escubedo, Elena; Camarasa, Jorge; Pallàs, Mercè; Camins, Antoni

doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0703869

Cited by 43 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Treatment by 3-NP has also been shown to affect microglia [Pubill et al, 2001;Ryu et al, 2003] and endothelial cells [Hamilton and Gould, 1987;Mogami et al, 2002], which are also possible sites of microwave action and interaction in our study. In addition, isolated neurons are affected by exposure to 3-NP Nasr et al, 2003].…”

Section: Microwave-3 -Np Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Acute effects of pulsed microwaves and 3‐nitropropionic acid on neuronal ultrastructure in the rat caudate‐putamen

Seaman

Phelix

2005

Bioelectromagnetics

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Ultrastructure of the medium sized "spiny" neuron in rat dorsal-lateral caudate-putamen was assessed after administration of 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) and exposure to pulsed microwaves. Sprague-Dawley male rats were given two daily intraperitoneal doses of 0 or 10 mg/kg 3-NP and 1.5 h after each dose were exposed to microwave radiation at a whole body averaged specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0 (sham exposure), 0.6, or 6 W/kg for 30 min. Microwave exposure consisted of 1.25 GHz radiation delivered as 5.9 micros pulses with repetition frequency 10 Hz. Tissue samples taken 2-3 h after the second sham or microwave exposure showed no injury with light microscope methods. Blinded qualitative assessment of ultrastructure of randomly selected neurons from the same samples did reveal differences. Subsequent detailed, quantitative measurements showed that, when followed by sham exposure, administration of 3-NP significantly increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) intracisternal width, ER area density, and nuclear envelope thickness. Microwave exposure at 6 W/kg alone also significantly increased these measures. Exposure of 3-NP treated animals at 6 W/kg significantly increased effects of 3-NP on ultrastructure. Although exposure at 0.6 W/kg alone did not affect ultrastructure measures, exposure of 3-NP treated animals at 0.6 W/kg reduced the effects of 3-NP. We concluded that 3-NP changed neuronal ultrastructure and that the microwave exposures used here changed neuronal ultrastructure in ways that depended on microwave SAR and neuron metabolic status. The apparent cancellation of 3-NP induced changes by exposure to pulsed microwaves at 0.6 W/kg indicated the possibility that such exposure can protect against the effects of mitochondrial toxins on the nervous system.

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Section: Microwave-3 -Np Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Acute effects of pulsed microwaves and 3‐nitropropionic acid on neuronal ultrastructure in the rat caudate‐putamen

Seaman

Phelix

2005

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…Loss of body weight may be either partially due to factors outside the CNS or blockade of SDH enzyme in the kreb's cycle by 3-NP which ultimately cause ATP loss, the major energy source for body. It has also been reported that striatal lesions and bradykinesia is responsible for reducing rat appetite and food intake [31]. Typically, course of HD also begins with involuntary movements (chorea) that eventually progresses to rigidity and dystonia closely modeled by 3-NP administration.…”

Section: -Nitropropionic Acid (3-np)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Neuroprotective activity ofL-theanine on 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rat striatum

Sumathi

Asha

Suganya

et al. 2014

International Journal of Neuroscience

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The present study has been designed to investigate the protective effect of L-theanine against 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP)-induced Huntington's disease (HD)-like symptoms in rats. The present experimental protocol design includes systemic 3-NP acid (10 mg/kg intraperitonially) treatment for 14 d. L-theanine (100 and 200 mg/kg) was given orally, once a day, 1 h before 3-NP acid treatment for 14 d. Body weight and behavioral parameters (Morris water maze, open field test (OFT), forced swim test (FST) and rotarod activity) were assessed on 1st, 5th, 10th and 15th day post-3-NP acid administration. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels and mitochondrial enzyme complex. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were measured on the 15th day in the striatum. Systemic 3-NP acid treatment significantly reduced body weight, locomotor activity and oxidative defense. The mitochondrial enzyme activity was also significantly impaired in the striatum region in 3-NP acid-treated animals. L-theanine (100 and 200 mg/kg b.wt.) treatment significantly attenuated the impairment in behavioral, biochemical and mitochondrial enzyme activities as compared to the 3-NP acid-treated group. The results of the present study suggest that pretreatment with L-theanine significantly attenuated 3-NP induced oxidative stress and restored the decreased SOD, GSH, CAT and SDH activity. It also decreased the neuronal damage as evidenced by histopathological analysis of striatum. Based on the above study, it has been proved that L-theanine has neuroprotective activity against 3-NP induced neurotoxicity.

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“…Regardless of astrocyte activation, whether microwave electromagnetic fields acted on astrocytes in the caudateputamen is not known. Treatment by 3-NP has also been shown to affect nnicroglia [Pubill et al, 2001;Ryu et al, 2003] and endothelial cells [Hamilton & Gould, 1987;Mogami et al, 2002], which are also possible sites of microwave action and interaction in our study. In addition, isolated neurons are affected by exposure to 3-NP Nasr et al, 2003].…”

Section: Microwave-3-np Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The astrocyte, a type of glial cell, is known to respond to 3-NP in vivo and in culture [Nishino et al, 1997;Fukuda et al, 1998;Pubill et al, 2001]. …”

Section: Microwave-3-np Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Services to Operate and Maintain a Microwave Research Laboratory

Akyel¹

2004

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Supplementary Notes (i.e., report contains color photos, report contains appendix in non-print form, etc.) 12a. Distribution/Availability Statement (check one)Approved for public release; distribution unlimited Due to growing concerns for the health and safety of military and civilian personnel exposed to radiofrequency radiation (RFR), a series of research have been performed at the U.S. Army Medical Research Detachment, Microwave Bioeffects Branch at Brooks City-Base, Texas. The research has been concentrated on neurotoxic effects of high peak power but low average power RFR, Interaction between neurotoxin and RFR on manifestation of neurotoxic effects, effects of high power RFR on hippocampus, biological hazards of ultrawide-band (UWB) pulses on cardiovascular function and cell systems, cytotoxic effect of nanosecond high-intensity electric pulses, finite difference time domain techniques for RFR dosimetry, role of ambient temperature on manifestation of RFR induced biological effects, design fabrication and testing a circularly polarized 1.25 GHz waveguide exposure system, and formulate a research plan for body borne and helmet mounted antennas. Majority of results falls in "thermal" effect, albeit, the threshold was at lower magnitude than that previously envisioned. A model is devised to demonstrate the additive effect of RFR to thermal "stress" from ambient environment. On the other hand, some of the observed effects cannot be easily explained by the "thermal" mechanism. They were effects of UWB pulses and nanosecond high power electric pulses.14. Subject Terms (keywords previously assigned to proposal abstract or terms which apply to this award) high peak power pulsed microwaves, ultra-wide-band pulses, neural, Behavior, cardiovascular, cytotoxicity, neurotoxin, genotoxicity References 33Appendices 39 INTRODUCTIONThe following report summarizes the performance of McKesson BioServices Corporation (MBS) staff at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), U.S. Army Medical Research Detachment (USAMRD), Microwave Bioeffects Branch at Brooks City-Base, Texas under the contracts DAMD17-94-4069 and DAMD17-94-E-0001. MBS has nine years contract with the U.S. Army Medical Research and Acquisition Activity (USAMRAA) to operate and maintain Microwave Bioeffects Branch, a Government-owned Contractor-operated (GOCO) facility. Reports summarized the base three years (May 21, 1994 -May 20, 1997) (DTIC STINET ADA 351987, http://handle.dtic.mi 1/100.2/ADA351978\ the first option years (May 21, 1997 -May 20, 1999) (DTIC STINET AD A3 67478, http://handle.dfic.mi1/100.2/ADA367478;) and the second opfions years (May 21 1999 -May 20, 2001, DTIC STINET ADA392971, http://handle.dfic.mi1/100.2/ADA39297n were previously filed with the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland in June 1997, May 1999and May 2001. The present report covers the efforts of MBS staff during the third opfion years (May 21 2001 -May 20, 2003 and extensions (May 21, 2003 -May 31, 2004 of the aforementioned contrac...

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Orphenadrine prevents 3‐nitropropionic acid‐induced neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo

Cited by 43 publications

References 52 publications

Acute effects of pulsed microwaves and 3‐nitropropionic acid on neuronal ultrastructure in the rat caudate‐putamen

Acute effects of pulsed microwaves and 3‐nitropropionic acid on neuronal ultrastructure in the rat caudate‐putamen

Neuroprotective activity ofL-theanine on 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rat striatum

Services to Operate and Maintain a Microwave Research Laboratory

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